# The Baha'i World: Volume 18 (1979-1983)

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> Source: Bahá'í Library Online (bahai-library.com), curated by Jonah Winters. Used by permission of the curator. Original citation: Universal House of Justice, The Baha'i World: Volume 18 (1979-1983), bahai-library.com.
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> 
> The Bahá'í World:
> 
> Volume 18 (1979-1983)
> 
> [various authors]
> 
> Universal House of Justice, compiler
> published in Bahá'í Worldvol. 18, 1015 pages
> 
> Haifa: Bahá'í World Center, 1986
> 
> 1. PDF version, of image scans
> 
> Download: bahai_world_volume_18.pdf [32 MB].
> 
> 2. Text version, not fully proofread or formatted
> 
> Download: uhj_bahai_world_18.txt.
> 
> 3. HTML version, in progress
> 
> Frontispiece 1:
> Picture with the caption: Upper chamber of the House of the Báb, Shíráz,
> where He declared His Mission to Mullá Husayn in 1844 (photo courtesy of Mr. K. Mumtází).
> 
> Frontispiece 2:
> 
> Picture with the caption: The Seat of the Universal House of Justice.
> 
> Frontispiece 3:
> [centered is the symbol of the Greatest Name]
> 
> © 1986 The Universal House of Justice - World Rights Reserved
> 
> NOTE: The spelling of the Oriental words and proper names used in this volume of The Bahá'í World
> is according to the system of transliteration established at one of the International Oriental Congresses.
> 
> British Library Cataloguing in Publication
> Data
> The Bahá'í World: an international
> record.
> Vol. 18: 136-140 of the Bahá'í era, 1979-1983
> 
> 1. Bahá'í Faith
> I. Universal House of
> Justice
> 297'.89 BP365
> 
> Printed in Great Britain at the University Press, Oxford, by David Stanford, Printer to the University
> 
> CONTENTS
> 
> Preface.................................................................................................... v
> 
> Introduction
> AIMS AND PURPOSES OF THE BAHA'I FAITH, by David Hofman..................................................... 1
> 
> Part One
> THE BAHA'I REVELATION
> 
> I. EXCERPTS FROM THE BAHA'I SACRED WRITINGS
> 1. Bahá'u'lláh........................................................................................ 9
> 2. The Báb........................................................................................... 15
> 3. 'Abdu'l-Bahá...................................................................................... 20
> 
> II. EXCERPTS FROM THE WRITINGS OF SHOGHI EFFENDI.......................................................... 32
> 
> Part Two
> THE COMMEMORATION OF HISTORIC ANNIVERSARIES
> 
> I. THE FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE PASSING OF BAHIYYIH KHANUM, THE GREATEST HOLY LEAF
> 
> 1. Passages from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh About the Greatest Holy Leaf................................. 41
> 2. Passages from the Writings of 'Abdu'l-Bahá About the Greatest Holy Leaf
> and a Selection of His Letters to Her............................................................... 42
> 3. Passages from the Writings of Shoghi Effendi About the Greatest Holy
> Leaf and Excerpts from His Letters About Her........................................................ 44
> 4. A Selection of the Letters of the Greatest Holy Leaf................................................... 47
> 5. A Tribute to the Greatest Holy Leaf, by Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum................................... 50
> 6. The Commemoration at the World Centre of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the
> Passing of the Greatest Holy Leaf................................................................... 53
> 7. Some References to the Greatest Holy Leaf Found in Works Published in English.......................... 55
> 8. Some Works Published to Commemorate the Fiftieth Anniversary of the
> Passing of the Greatest Holy Leaf................................................................... 57
> 9. The Greatest Holy Leaf: A Reminiscence, by 'Alí Nakhjavání............................................. 59
> 10. The Life and Service of the Greatest Holy Leaf, by Bahíyyih Nakhjavání................................. 68
> 
> Part Three
> INTERNATIONAL SURVEY OF CURRENT BAHA'I ACTIVITIES 1979-1983
> 
> I. THE HOUSE OF ABDU'LLAH PASHA............................................................................ 77
> 
> II. THE SEVEN YEAR INTERNATIONAL TEACHING PLAN 1979-1986
> 1. The Launching of the Seven Year Plan............................................................... 81
> 2. The Seven Year International Teaching Plan 1979-1986: Progress to Ridván 1983...................... 86
> A. The World Centre............................................................................ 86
> B. World-wide Objectives...................................................................... 103
> 3. Expansion and Consolidation of the Bahá'í Faith--Information Statistical and Comparative......... 134
> A. Africa..................................................................................... 134
> B. The Americas............................................................................... 135
> C. Asia....................................................................................... 135
> D. Australasia and the Pacific Islands........................................................ 136
> E. Europe..................................................................................... 136
> 
> III. FIVE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCES
> 1. Five International Conferences: A Pictorial Report............................................... 138
> 2. Messages of the Universal House of Justice to the Five International Conferences:
> A. Dublin, Ireland 25-27 June 1982......................................................... 156
> B. Quito, Ecuador 6-8 August 1982.......................................................... 157
> C. Lagos, Nigeria 19-22 August 1982........................................................ 158
> D. Canberra, Australia 2-5 September 1982.................................................. 159
> E. Montreal, Canada 2-5 September 1982..................................................... 161
> 
> IV. INTERNATIONAL SURVEY OF CURRENT BAHA'I ACTIVITIES 1979-1983
> 1. Survey by Continents:
> A. Africa.................................................................................. 163
> B. The Americas............................................................................ 171
> C. Asia.................................................................................... 178
> D. Australasia and the Pacific Islands..................................................... 183
> E. Europe.................................................................................. 187
> 2. The Association for Bahá'í Studies: 1979-1983, by Gerald Filson.................................. 194
> 3. The Establishment of the Bahá'í International Health Agency...................................... 201
> 4. Bahá'í Scholarship in Australia: 1979-1983....................................................... 202
> 5. Bahá'í Studies Seminars at the University of Lancaster: 1977-1980, by Peter Smith................ 204
> 6. The Development of Bahá'í Schools during the Seven Year Plan, by Barbara Barrett................. 207
> 7. Bahá'í Youth Academy of India.................................................................... 230
> 8. The Rabbani School at Gwalior, India, by Stephen H. Waite........................................ 233
> 9. Trail of Light, by Barbara Barrett............................................................... 239
> 10. The Centenary of the Founding of the Bahá'í Faith in India: 1880-1980............................ 246
> 11. The Persecution of the Bahá'í Community of Irán: 1979-1983, by Geoffrey Nash..................... 249
> A. Survey of Events......................................................................... 251
> B. Identity of the Persecutors, and Charges Levelled Against the Bahá'ís.................... 267
> C. Pattern of Persecution................................................................... 271
> D. Last Letters, Wills and Testaments....................................................... 284
> E. Bahá'ís Killed in Irán, Ridván 1978-Ridván 1983.......................................... 290
> F. A Representative Selection of Documents Illustrating the Persecution of
> the Bahá'í Community of Irán: 1979-1983.................................................. 306
> G. Bahá'í Children in Time of Persecution................................................... 331
> H. Detailed Summary of Actions taken by the Bahá'í International Community, National and
> Local Bahá'í Institutions, Governments, Non-Bahá'í Organizations and
> Prominent People in Connection with the Persecution of the Bahá'ís of Irán............... 337
> 12. Letter from the Universal House of Justice to Iranian Bahá'ís Living Outside Irán................ 357
> 13. The Emergence of a Universal Moral Order and the Persecution of the
> Iranian Bahá'í Community, by Will. C. van den Hoonaard........................................ 363
> 14. Persecution of the Bahá'í Faith in Irán: A Partial Bibliography of References
> from Books and Pamphlets, Journals, Newspaper Articles, and Official
> Documents in some European Languages, compiled by William P. Collins
> with the assistance of Janet H. Beavers...................................................... 369
> 15. A Chronology of some of the Persecutions of the Bábís and Bahá'ís in Irán:
> 1844-1978, compiled by Dr. Moojan Momen................................................... 380
> 
> V. THE BAHA'I FAITH AND THE UNITED NATIONS
> 1. Summary of the years 1947-1979................................................................... 393
> 2. The Bahá'í International Community and the United Nations 1979-1983, by
> Victor de Araujo.......................................................................... 396
> Annex I............................................................................... 410
> Annex II.............................................................................. 410
> Annex III............................................................................. 412
> 3. Activities of the Bahá'í International Community Relating to the Persecution
> of the Bahá'í Faith in Irán 1979-1983..................................................... 414
> 
> VI. RECOGNITION OF THE BAHA'I FAITH
> 1. Incorporation of National Spiritual Assemblies................................................... 426
> 2. Incorporation of Local Spiritual Assemblies...................................................... 429
> 3. A Selection of other Documents Recording Official Recognition of the Bahá'í Faith................ 437
> 
> Part Four
> THE WORLD ORDER OF BAHA'U'LLAH
> 
> I. THE UNIVERSAL HOUSE OF JUSTICE
> 1. The Constitution of the Universal House of Justice................................................ 453
> 2. The Fifth International Convention for the Election of the Universal House of Justice............. 461
> 3. The Completion of Construction of the Building of the Seat for the Universal
> House of Justice: A Pictorial Report........................................................ 465
> 
> II. THE HANDS OF THE CAUSE OF GOD
> 1. The Hands of the Cause of God and the Extension of their Functions into the Future:
> A. The Rulers and the Learned.............................................................. 473
> B. The Hands of the Cause of God........................................................... 474
> C. The Continental Boards of Counsellors................................................... 475
> D. The International Teaching Centre....................................................... 477
> 2. The Work and Travels of the Hands of the Cause 1979-1983.......................................... 481
> 3. Hands of the Cause who Represented the Universal House of Justice at Conventions
> for the election of New National Spiritual Assemblies 1979-1983................................ 515
> 4. A Tribute to the Hands of the Cause, by Lilian 'Alá'í............................................. 516
> 5. The Hands of the Cause of God: An Appreciation, by Ray Hudson..................................... 521
> 6. The Development of the Institution of the Continental Boards of Counsellors
> (adapted from the Hawaiian History Calendar)................................................ 528
> 
> III. THE NATIONAL SPIRITUAL ASSEMBLY
> 1. Introduction, by Horace Holley.................................................................... 536
> 2. A Model Declaration of Trust and By-Laws for a National Spiritual Assembly........................ 538
> 3. A Procedure for the Conduct of the Annual Bahá'í Convention....................................... 546
> 4. New National Spiritual Assemblies................................................................. 548
> 
> IV. THE LOCAL SPIRITUAL ASSEMBLY
> 1. The Institution and its Significance.............................................................. 554
> 2. By-Laws of a Local Spiritual Assembly............................................................. 564
> 
> V. THE INSTITUTION OF THE MASHRIQU'L-ADHKAR
> 1. Foreword, by Horace Holley........................................................................ 568
> 2. The Spiritual Significance of the Mashriqu'l-Adhkár............................................... 569
> 3. The Mother Temple of the Indian Sub-Continent, by F. Sahbá........................................ 571
> 4. The Lotus of Bahapur, by Sheriar Nooreyezdan...................................................... 574
> 5. The First Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the Pacific Islands................................................ 585
> 
> VI. THE NON-POLITICAL CHARACTER OF THE BAHA'I FAITH
> Excerpts from the Writings of Shoghi Effendi..................................................... 589
> 
> VII. RELATIONSHIP TO GOVERNMENT
> 1. Loyalty to Government............................................................................. 595
> 2. The Bahá'í View of Pacifism....................................................................... 596
> 3. Summary of the Guardian's Instructions on the Obligations of Bahá'ís in
> Connection with Military Service............................................................ 596
> 
> VIII. BAHA'I CALENDAR, FESTIVALS AND DATES OF HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE
> 1. Foreword.......................................................................................... 598
> 2. Bahá'í Feasts, Anniversaries and Days of Fasting.................................................. 598
> 3. Bahá'í Holy Days on which Work should be Suspended................................................ 599
> 4. Additional Material gleaned from Nabíl's Narrative regarding the Bahá'í Calendar.................. 599
> 5. Historical Data gleaned from Nabíl's Narrative regarding Bahá'u'lláh.............................. 602
> 6. Dates of Historical Significance in the Rise of the Bahá'í Faith.................................. 606
> 
> Part Five
> IN MEMORIAM
> 
> Abbas, Kamil (Kámil 'Abbás Ridá).............. 722 Korean, Suliana Halaholo............................ 793
> Adlparvar, Hishmat............................ 775 Labib, Muhammad..................................... 751
> Ahmadpúr, Fu'ád............................... 682 Leach, Bernard...................................... 669
> 'Alípúr, Guldánih Yúsifí...................... 811 Lith, Jacob Eduard (Bob) van........................ 817
> Allen, John................................... 725 Lukmani, Dr. M. E. (Dr. M. E. Luqmání).............. 771
> Altass, Florence Elizabeth.................... 788 Mahmúdí, Zhínús Ni'mat.............................. 781
> Appa, Seewoosumbur Jeehoba.................... 754 Mavaddat, Nasrollah (Nasru'-lláh Maviddat).......... 791
> Armstrong, Leonora............................ 733 Mesbah, Amine (Dr. Amín'u'-lláh Misbáh)............. 811
> Balyuzi, Hasan M. (Hasan M. Balyúzí).......... 635 Mesbah, Jeanne (Jeanne Mis-báh)..................... 811
> Baqá, Shídrukh Amír-Kíyá...................... 784 Missaghiyeh, Abdul-Missagh
> Baker, Richard St. Barbe...................... 802 ('Abdu'l-Míthaq Míthaqíyyih).................... 779
> Beard, Frances................................ 756 Mkhize, Bertha...................................... 773
> Blake, Cecilia King........................... 723 Mobedzadeh, Shah Bahram (Sháh Bahrám Múbidzádih).... 731
> Blakely, Dudley Moore......................... 809 Morais, Kenneth Allan............................... 762
> Brechtefeld, Henry............................ 805 Muhájir, Dr. Rahmatu'lláh........................... 651
> Chinniah, Imparaju............................ 711 Muhlschlegel, Dr. Adelbert.......................... 611
> Cobb, Stanwood................................ 814 Mustafá, Muhammad................................... 768
> Cookson, Alexe................................ 730 Nakhjavání, Jalál................................... 797
> Dhacoo, Louis Pierre Henri.................... 728 Njang, Elizabeth Idang.............................. 819
> Doktoroglu, Sami.............................. 683 Ober, Dr. Elizabeth Kidder.......................... 677
> Edwards, Hermione Vera Keens-Douglas.......... 778 Olinga, Enoch....................................... 618
> Eggleston, Helen.............................. 674 Outhey, Jeannette................................... 721
> Eliás, Subhí.................................. 746 Pavón, Clementina Mejía de.......................... 671
> Faizi, Abu'l-Qasim............................ 659 Pollinger, Franz.................................... 700
> Falláh, Muhammad 'Alí (Afnán)................. 710 Raman, Appu......................................... 787
> Farhangí, Masíh............................... 766 Raynor, Allan....................................... 696
> Fizner, Sarah Florence........................ 727 Rhein, Ottilie...................................... 703
> Furúghí, Rúhu'lláh............................ 690 Rostampour, Ardeshir (Ardashír Rustampúr)........... 792
> Ghobad, Isfandiyar (Isfandíyár Qubád)......... 709 Rowling, Margaret................................... 757
> Giachery, Angeline............................ 717 Ruggoo, Arthur Joseph Gustave....................... 761
> Gibson, Amoz Everett.......................... 665 Sala, Rosemary...................................... 713
> Greeves, Lisbeth.............................. 808 Sandando, Yowane.................................... 765
> Hakím, Manúchihr.............................. 745 Scherer, Carl A..................................... 738
> Halabí, Husayn................................ 707 Scherer, Loretta L.................................. 738
> Hayden, Robert................................ 715 Schmidt, Dr. Eugen.................................. 800
> Henseler, Julius.............................. 794 Seepé, Lot Max...................................... 806
> Hezari, Ardeshir (Ardishír Hizárí)............ 776 Sneider, Mabel Adelle............................... 705
> Hokafonu, Mosese.............................. 686 Sombeek, Ludmila Van................................ 689
> Holley, Doris................................. 821 Sombeek, Rita van Bleyswijk......................... 763
> Hutchinson-Smith, Jean........................ 681 Stettler, Karl Donald............................... 729
> Joshi, Asanand Chagla......................... 795 Suleimani, Ridvaniyyih (Ridvániyyih Sulamání)....... 752
> Kahaloa, Solomon.............................. 741 Vahdat, 'Ismat...................................... 743
> Kamálí-Sarvistání, Mírzá Aqá Khán............. 817 Vahdat, Yadu'lláh................................... 758
> Kazemi (Kázimí), Sharon Rickey................ 820 Vargas, Pedro....................................... 743
> Kelsey, Olivia................................ 774 Vujdání, Bahár...................................... 698
> Kempton, Honor................................ 748 Weeden, Gladys Anderson............................. 692
> Kidder, Dr. Alice G........................... 677 Wilks, Helen Hazel.................................. 707
> King, Melba M. Call........................... 687 Zonneveld, Arnold................................... 824
> 
> Part Six
> DIRECTORY, BIBLIOGRAPHY, GLOSSARY
> 
> I. BAHA'I DIRECTORY
> 1. The Universal House of Justice.................................................................... 829
> 2. The Hands of the Cause............................................................................ 829
> 3. The International Teaching Centre................................................................. 829
> 4. Continental Boards of Counsellors................................................................. 830
> 5. Bahá'í International Community.................................................................... 830
> 6. National Spiritual Assemblies..................................................................... 830
> 7. Bahá'í Publishing Trusts.......................................................................... 830
> 
> II. BAHA'I BIBLIOGRAPHY
> 1. Bahá'u'lláh's Best-Known Works.................................................................... 833
> 2. The Báb's Best-Known Works........................................................................ 834
> 3. 'Abdu'l-Bahá's Best-Known Works................................................................... 835
> 4. Some Compilations from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh, the Báb and 'Abdu'l-Bahá...................... 836
> 5. Shoghi Effendi's Best-Known Works................................................................. 836
> 6. Language and Literature Achievements, Ridván 1979-Ridván 1983:
> A. Languages in International Use............................................................. 838
> B. Invented Languages......................................................................... 839
> C. Africa..................................................................................... 839
> D. The Americas............................................................................... 841
> E. Asia....................................................................................... 843
> F. Australasia and the Pacific Islands........................................................ 843
> G. Europe..................................................................................... 844
> H. Total by Continents........................................................................ 845
> 7. Translations of Short Obligatory Prayer:
> A. Africa..................................................................................... 847
> B. The Americas............................................................................... 851
> C. Asia....................................................................................... 857
> D. Australasia and the Pacific Islands........................................................ 861
> E. Europe..................................................................................... 863
> F. Invented Languages......................................................................... 865
> G. Miscellaneous.............................................................................. 865
> 8. A Bibliography of English Language Works on the Bahá'í Faith: Selections,
> compiled by William P. Collins......................................................... 866
> A. The Writings of Bahá'u'lláh................................................................ 867
> B. The Writings of the Báb.................................................................... 869
> C. The Writings of 'Abdu'l-Bahá............................................................... 869
> D. Works Compiled from the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh, the Báb and 'Abdu'l-Bahá.................. 873
> E. The Writings of Shoghi Effendi............................................................. 878
> F. Works and Messages of the Universal House of Justice....................................... 881
> G. Writings on the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths..................................................... 881
> 9. A Partial Bibliography of some Major Original Works on the Bahá'í Faith in
> Languages other than English, compiled by William P. Collins.................................. 887
> 10. A Bibliography of Theses Relating to the Bahá'í Faith, compiled by William P. Collins............ 890
> 11. Partial Listing of some Current General Bahá'í Periodicals, compiled by William P. Collins........ 892
> 
> III. ORIENTAL TERMS
> 1. Transliteration of Oriental Words Frequently used in Bahá'í Literature........................... 893
> 2. Guide to Transliteration and Pronunciation of the Persian Alphabet............................... 895
> 3. Notes on the Pronunciation of Persian Words...................................................... 895
> 4. Definition of some of the Oriental Terms used in Bahá'í Literature............................... 897
> 
> Part Seven
> LITERARY AND MUSICAL WORKS
> 
> I. ESSAYS AND REVIEWS
> 1. Memories of 'Abdu'l-Bahá, by 'Alí M. Yazdí....................................................... 907
> 2. Life as Metaphor, by John S. Hatcher............................................................. 912
> 3. Remembering Bernard Leach, by Trudi Scott........................................................ 929
> 4. The Concept of Spirituality, by William S. Hatcher............................................... 932
> 5. One Kind Deed, by Dipchand Khianra............................................................... 966
> 6. Kaushal Kishore Bhargava: An Appreciation, based on a Memoir by Dipchand Khianra................. 969
> 7. August Forel Defends the Persecuted Persian Bahá'ís: 1925-1927, by John Paul Vader............... 970
> 8. Bahá'u'lláh and the Fourth Estate, by Roger White................................................ 975
> 9. August Rudd: The First Bahá'í Pioneer to Sweden.................................................. 980
> 
> II. VERSE................................................................................................. 983
> 
> III. MUSIC................................................................................................ 993
> 
> LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
> 
> Frontispiece One: Upper Chamber of the House of the Báb, Shíráz, where He declared His
> Mission to Mullá Husayn in 1844 (photo courtesy of Mr. K. Mumtází))
> Frontispiece Two: The Seat of the Universal House of Justice
> 
> Part One: The Bahá'í Revelation
> 
> Part Two: The Commemoration of Historic Anniversaries
> 
> Bahíyyih Khánum; circa 1890................................................................................ 43
> Bahíyyih Khánum; an early photograph....................................................................... 49
> Some relics of the Greatest Holy Leaf preserved in the International Bahá'í Archives...................... 52
> An early photograph of the marble monument erected by Shoghi Effendi over the
> resting-place of Bahíyyih Khánum...................................................................... 54
> Bahíyyih Khánum; circa 1895................................................................................ 56
> Bahíyyih Khánum; October 1919.............................................................................. 58
> Curtis Kelsey astride a donkey, Pilgrim House, Bahjí, 1921................................................. 61
> Saichiro Fujita in Persian garb; 1921...................................................................... 61
> Bahíyyih Khánum; circa 1919................................................................................ 66
> View of the Greatest Holy Leaf's monument as it appears today.............................................. 67
> Facsimile of Bahíyyih Khánum's handwriting................................................................. 72
> The room occupied by 'Abdu'l-Bahá in the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá......................................... 74
> The room occupied by the Greatest Holy Leaf n the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá................................ 74
> 
> Part Three: International Survey of Current Bahá'í Activities
> 
> Exterior view of the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá in its restored condition; 1983............................. 78
> Main hall of the quarters of the Holy Family in the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá; 1983........................ 79
> The room in the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá in which Shoghi Effendi was born in March 1897................... 79
> The room in the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá in which 'Abdu'l-Bahá would receive His guests................... 80
> Graph illustrating growth of the Bahá'í Faith 1953-1983.................................................... 82
> The Seat of the Universal House of Justice on Mount Carmel................................................. 85
> Hands of the Cause and Counsellor members of the International Teaching Centre; November 1979.............. 87
> A representative sampling from the international press of reports and editorials in
> defense of the Bahá'ís................................................................................ 91
> Facsimile of House Resolution No. 110, House of Representatives, Eighty-First
> General Assembly, State of Illinois, adopted 15 March 1979............................................ 93
> Facsimiles of documents protesting against the persecution of the Bahá'ís of Irán.......................... 95
> Publications of the Bahá'í World Centre, 1979-1983......................................................... 97
> Youthful participants in the satellite conference, Nairobi, Kenya, with the Hand of the
> Cause William Sears; October 1982.................................................................... 101
> Participants in the satellite conference, Yaoundé, Camaroon Republic; October 1982........................ 101
> The Hand of the Cause Ugo Giachery viewing the construction of the House of
> Worship, Western Samoa; September 1982............................................................... 105
> His Excellency Lee Teng-Hui, Governor of Taiwan, honouring Mr. Suleiman A. Suleimani..................... 105
> A selection of newsletters in various languages published specifically for children....................... 113
> Some published versions of Words of God................................................................... 114
> Bahá'í mobile medical camp, India, with members of the Dang tribe......................................... 120
> Participants in the Scottish Summer School; 1982.......................................................... 120
> A selection of newsletters published in response to the goals of the Seven Year Plan...................... 122
> Participants in the New Zealand Children's Camp; 1981..................................................... 122
> First local all-girl teaching team of Papua New Guinea.................................................... 124
> Táhirih--Iranian Bahá'í choir, Southern Ontario, Canada................................................... 124
> A selection of newsletters for youth...................................................................... 126
> Participants in the National Youth Conference, Hong Kong; December 1982................................... 126
> Participants in the Bahá'í Winter School, Saenz Pena, Chaco, Argentiná.................................... 128
> The Hand of the Cause Collis Featherstone with participants in the Finnish Bahá'í Summer School; 1982..... 128
> Some Bahá'ís of the Tapi tribe, Mindoro, Philippines...................................................... 130
> Chinese Bahá'ís of Calcutta, India........................................................................ 130
> Bahá'ís at Local Bahá'í Centre for Nineteen-Day Feast, Nagumeya, Ciskei; 1982............................ 133
> Participants in the Pioneer Training Institute, Alberta, Canada; 1981..................................... 133
> French Minister of State for the Interior, Gaston Defferre and Mme. Defferre, on their
> visit to the Seat of the House of Justice; February 1983............................................. 137
> Five International Conferences--a Pictorial Report........................................................ 138
> Participants in the satellite conference, Nairobi, Kenya; October 1982.................................... 154
> A representative sampling from Canadian newspapers of references to the International
> Bahá'í Conference held in Montreal; September 1982..................................................... 155
> Bushman and other participants who attended a deepening institute held in
> Khudumelapye, Botswana; July 1981.................................................................... 164
> First Bahá'í Summer School, Victoria, Cameroon Republic; March 1980....................................... 166
> First Local Spiritual Assembly of Mariental, South West Africa/Namibia.................................... 169
> Bus poster, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. ..................................................................... 173
> Antonio Cruz, first Bahá'í of the Totonaco tribe in Veracruz, Mexico...................................... 174
> Second continental indigenous council, Wilmette, Illinois, U.S.A. ........................................ 175
> Poster advertising a dance created by Ballet Shayda to honour the martyrs of Irán......................... 176
> Local Bahá'í community poster commemorating the seven Bahá'ís of Yazd who
> were martyred in September 1980...................................................................... 176
> The Local Spiritual Assembly of Chucuito, Puno, Peru; 1981................................................ 178
> The 'Children of Bahá' choir performing in observance of U.N. Human Rights Day, 1979..................... 179
> 'The Chosen Highway' youth choir , Panchgani, Maharashtra, India; 1982.................................... 179
> Some Bahá'ís of the Dang tribe, Gujarat, India; 1982...................................................... 181
> Some Bahá'í women of Burma................................................................................ 183
> Regional Teaching Conference, Auckland, New Zealand; June 1981............................................ 184
> The Local Spiritual Assembly of Albury, New South Wales, Australia; 1979.................................. 184
> U.N. Day observance, Bahá'í House of Worship, Sydney, Australia; 1980..................................... 187
> Teaching Institute, Sisimiut, Greenland; 25 July 1982..................................................... 188
> National Hazíratu'l-Quds of the Republic of Ireland; September 1982....................................... 188
> A selection of major original publications about the Bahá'í Faith in European languages................... 191
> National Youth Symposium, Seiano, Italy; June 1980........................................................ 191
> Annual convention, Iceland; 1981.......................................................................... 193
> Exterior view of the Association for Bahá'í Studies centre, Ottawa, Canada................................ 195
> View of the reception area, Bahá'í Studies centre, Ottawa, Canada......................................... 195
> The Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum addressing the international
> conference on marriage and family life, Ottawa, Canada; 1981......................................... 197
> The Hand of the Cause John Robarts with recipients of awards.............................................. 197
> Issues of Bahá'í Studies and Bahá'í Studies Notebook published in the
> period Ridván 1979-1983.............................................................................. 199
> The Hand of the Cause John Robarts with participants in the inaugural meeting of the
> Bahá'í International Health Agency................................................................... 201
> Mrs. Gayle Morrison delivering the Hasan M. Balyúzí lecture during the seventh annual
> conference of the Association for Bahá'í Studies..................................................... 205
> A representative sampling of Bahá'í scholarly journals, 1979-1983......................................... 206
> Students of the New Era School, Panchgani, India.......................................................... 207
> Anís Zunúzí School, Lilavoix, Haiti....................................................................... 208
> Odusai School, Tororo District, Uganda; August 1981....................................................... 209
> A woodworking class, New Era High School, Panchgani, India................................................ 210
> Laying the cornerstone at the site of the Bahá'í Youth Academy, Panchgani, India.......................... 210
> Glory School, Santiniketan, West Bengal State, India...................................................... 212
> Glory School classroom; 1982.............................................................................. 212
> Shoghi Children's School, Nunna, India.................................................................... 212
> A Bahá'í tutorial school, Charolipada, India.............................................................. 213
> Children in prayer, Bahá'í tutorial school, Bairagra, India............................................... 214
> A Bahá'í tutorial school, Jhabua, India; 1983............................................................. 214
> A Bahá'í tutorial school, Markara, India.................................................................. 214
> Hostel for Bahá'í children from Mentawai Islands, Padang, Indonesia....................................... 216
> A classroom, Tadong Bahá'í Primary School, Gangtok, Sikkim; 1980.......................................... 217
> Students of Pachey Phirphiray tutorial school, Sikkim; 1983............................................... 217
> Students of Colegio Núr, La Cisterna, Santiago, Chile; 1983............................................... 218
> Colegio Núr, La Cisterna, Santiago, Chile................................................................. 220
> Nursery class, Santitham School, Yasothon, Thailand....................................................... 222
> Inaugeration of Anís Zunúzí School, Lilavoix, Haiti; 20 October 1982...................................... 222
> The Faizí School, Loncopulle, Chile....................................................................... 222
> Tutorial school, Quebrada Nigua, Panama................................................................... 225
> Tutorial school, Piggs Peak, Swaziland.................................................................... 225
> Gingalili Pre-School, Nakuru District, Kenya.............................................................. 225
> Village tutorial school, Iriga City area, Philippines..................................................... 225
> Louhelen School, Davison, Michigan, U.S.A. ............................................................... 227
> Louis G. Gregory Institute, Hemingway, South Carolina, U.S.A.; 1983....................................... 227
> Tutorial school, Bangwade, Upper Zaire; March 1983........................................................ 227
> Tutorial pre-school, Bulembu, Swaziland; 1982............................................................. 228
> Participants in second course of the Bahá'í Youth Academy of India; 1982.................................. 231
> Faculty and students of Rabbani School; 1983.............................................................. 234
> Ploughing with Rabbani School's team of water-buffalo..................................................... 237
> Mrs. Sherman Waite conducting a class at Rabbani School................................................... 238
> Four members of the Trail of Light group.................................................................. 240
> The Trail of Light group with members of the Aguaruna tribe, Peru......................................... 240
> The Trail of Light group in Porras, Bolivia............................................................... 240
> The Trail of Light group, Southwest Bahá'í Institute, Arizona, U.S.A.; June 1982.......................... 241
> An outdoor performance of the Trail of Light group, Pucyura, Peru......................................... 243
> The Trail of Light group in Honduras...................................................................... 244
> Press clippings reporting on the centenary of the founding of the Bahá'í Faith in India; April 1980....... 248
> The national Hazíratu'l-Quds of the Bahá'ís of Irán, Tihrán, seized 15 February 1979...................... 250
> Home of a Bahá'í family in Shíráz after being looted and destroyed; 1979.................................. 250
> Translation into English of a circular letter addressed to a Bahá'í who was suspended
> from employment in government service................................................................ 251
> Site of the House of the Báb in process of being demolished............................................... 253
> Towns and cities in Irán in which Bahá'í holy places, cemeteries and other properties
> have been seized or destroyed....................................................................... 254
> Some members of the National Spiritual Assembly of Irán and other prominent
> Bahá'ís who were kidnapped or executed............................................................... 258
> A desecrated Bahá'í cemetery.............................................................................. 263
> Mourners gathered for the funeral of. Dr. Manúchihr Hakím................................................. 263
> Tent settlement of Bahá'í refugees, Katá.................................................................. 272
> A Bahá'í family harassed and made homeless................................................................ 272
> Mourners gathered for the funeral of. Mihdí Anvarí and Hidáyatu'lláh Dihqání.............................. 282
> Visitors visiting graves of Bahá'í martyrs in graveyard reserved for 'infidels'........................... 282
> The House of Bahá'u'lláh in Tákur, district of Núr, Mázindarán, Irán...................................... 289
> Individual photographs of some of the martyrs............................................................. 295
> 
> Documentation of the Persecutions
> 
> Procession honouring the martyrs, the Hague; August 1982.................................................. 356
> Three books describing the persecutions of the Bahá'ís of Irán............................................ 362
> News-stand posters printed by Tribune de Genève and Journal de Genè for display in
> public newspaper dispensers; 1980.................................................................... 379
> Towns and cities in Irán in which Bahá'ís were arrested or killed between 1979 and 1983................... 392
> Illustration depicting the death of a Bahá'í from the magazine Ima'ma, circa 1911......................... 392
> Bahá'í International Community representatives, U.N. Commission on Human Rights,
> Geneva; 31 January 1983.............................................................................. 395
> Bahá'í representatives, Second World Conference on the U.N. Decade for Women, Copenhagen; July 1980...... 407
> Bahá'í literature display, Second World Conference on Women............................................... 407
> Bahá'í International Community representatives to the United Nations Commission on Human
> Rights held in Geneva; 15 February 1982.............................................................. 409
> A selection of major publications of the Bahá'í International Community................................... 413
> U.N. Day observance, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; 24 October 1980............................................... 413
> Bahá'í delegations to the meetings of the European Parliament; September 1980............................. 416
> Bahá'í delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe,
> Strasbourg France; 29 January 1981................................................................... 416
> Senior Iranian military officers are seen attacking the Bahá'í National Centre, Tihrán; 1955.............. 425
> 
> Part Four: The World Order of Bahá'u'lláh
> 
> The members of the Universal House of Justice elected at Ridván 1983...................................... 460
> Delegates to the International Convention................................................................. 462
> Friends gathered at Pilgrim House, Haifa, for the observance during the International
> Convention, 1983, of the Ninth Day of Ridván......................................................... 464
> The Hand of the Cause 'Alí-Akbar Furútan with delegates to the Fifth International
> Convention from Taiwan............................................................................... 480
> The Hands of the Cause William Sears, Dr. 'Alí-Muhammad Varqá, John Robarts and
> Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum; August 1980............................................................ 483
> The Hand of the Cause Dr. Ugo Giachery with two young friends in Norway................................... 483
> The Hand of the Cause Dr. Rahmatu'lláh Muhájir, Mendoza, Argentina; December 1979......................... 493
> The Hand of the Cause Paul E. Haney with members of the Continental Board of
> Counsellors in Asia; 6 January 1981.................................................................. 493
> The Hands of the Cause Enoch Olinga, Abu'l-Qásim Faizí and Dr. Adelbert
> Muhlschlegel, Plon, Germany; 1972.................................................................... 504
> The Hand of cthe Cause Dhikru'lláh Khádem, Wilmette, Illinois, U.S.A.; August 1982........................ 504
> The Hand of the Cause 'Alí-Akbar Furútan with some delegates to the International
> Convention; April 1983............................................................................... 513
> The Hand of the Cause H. Collis Featherstone, Savonlinna, Finland; July 1982.............................. 513
> The Hand of the Cause John Robarts with four Bahá'ís from Zimbabwe........................................ 514
> Inaugural meeting of the Continental Board of Counsellors in Africa with the Hand of
> the Cause William Sears; 1981...................................................................... 529
> Inaugural meeting of the Continental Board of Counsellors in the Americas with the
> Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum; 1981............................................... 529
> Inaugural meeting of the Continental Board of Counsellors in Asia with the Hand of the
> Cause Paul E. Haney; 1981.......................................................................... 531
> Inaugural meeting of the Continental Board of Counsellors in Australasia with the
> Hand of the Cause H. Collis Featherstone, 1981..................................................... 531
> Inaugural meeting of the Continental Board of Counsellors in Europe with the Hand of
> the Cause Dhikru'lláh Khádem, 1981................................................................. 533
> The members of the Universal House of Justice, the Hands of the Cause, Counsellor members of the
> International Teaching Centre and members of the Continental Boards of Counsellors, Mazra'ih; 1983. 533
> The Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum with His Excellency Sir Gerald Christopher
> Cash, Governor General of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas; April 1981.............................. 533
> 
> New National Spiritual Assemblies
> 
> Transkei (1980)................................. 548 Windward Islands (1981)........................... 551
> Bermuda (1981).................................. 548 Dominica (1983)................................... 551
> Bophuthatswana (1981)........................... 549 St. Lucia (1983).................................. 552
> Leeward Islands (1981).......................... 549 Uganda (re-established 1981)...................... 553
> South West Africa/Nambia (1981)................. 550 Nepal (re-established 1982)....................... 553
> Tuvalu (1981)................................... 550
> 
> The Mother Temple of the West, Wilmette, Illinois, U.S.A. ................................................ 570
> Architectural drawings of the Indian Temple--Podium Level Key Plan and Main Building Section.............. 573
> Construction worker at Indian Temple site................................................................. 581
> The Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the Indian sub-continent under construction; 1 December 1981..................... 583
> Construction work in progress; 19 April 1983.............................................................. 583
> Architect's model of completed Temple..................................................................... 584
> His Highness Malietoa Tanumafili II visiting the Samoan Temple site at Apia, Western
> Samoa; 18 December 1981............................................................................ 587
> Aerial view of the Samoan Temple under construction; 15 January 1983...................................... 587
> Two views of the Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the Pacific Islands under construction.............................. 588
> Stairs leading to the main rooms of the House of 'Abdu'llah Páshá, 1983................................... 608
> 
> Part Five: In Memoriam
> 
> Muhlschlegel, Adelbert............................... 612 Vargas, Pedro................................ 744
> Haney, Paul Edmond................................... 615 Hakím, Manúchihr............................. 745
> Olinga, Enoch........................................ 618 Eliás, Subhí................................. 747
> Enoch Olinga with some members of his family......... 635 Kempton, Honor............................... 749
> Balyuzi, Hasan M.(Hasan M. Balyúzí).................. 636 Labíb, Muhammad.............................. 751
> Muhájir, Rahmatu'lláh................................ 652 Suleimani, Ridvaniyyih (Ridvániyyih
> Faizi, Abu'l-Qásim................................... 659 Sulamání)............................... 753
> Gibson, Amoz Everett................................. 666 Appa, Seewoosumbur Jeehoba................... 754
> Leach, Bernard....................................... 670 Beard, Frances............................... 756
> Pavón, Clementina, Mejía de.......................... 672 Rowling, Margaret............................ 758
> Pavón, Segundo....................................... 672 Vahdat, Yadu'lláh............................ 759
> Eggleston, Helen..................................... 675 Ruggoo, Arthur Joseph Gustave................ 761
> Ober, Elizabeth Kidder............................... 678 Morais, Kenneth Allan........................ 762
> Kidder, Alice G. .................................... 678 Sombeek, Rita van Bleyswijk.................. 763
> Hutchinson-Smith, Jean............................... 681 Sandando, Yowane............................. 766
> Ahmadpúr, Fu'ád...................................... 682 Farangí, Masíh............................... 767
> Doktoroglu, Sami..................................... 684 Mustafá, Muhammad............................ 769
> Hokafonu, Mosese..................................... 686 Lukmani, M. E. (Muhammad Ibráhímjí
> King, Melba M. Call.................................. 688 Luqmání)............................... 772
> Sombeek, Ludmila Van................................. 689 Mkhize, Bertha............................... 773
> Furúghi, Rúhu'lláh................................... 691 Kelsey, Olivia............................... 775
> Weeden, Gladys Anderson.............................. 693 Adlparvar, Hishmat........................... 776
> Raynor, Allan........................................ 696 Hezari, Ardeshihr (Ardishír Hizárí).......... 777
> Vujdání, Bahár....................................... 699 Edwards, Hermione Vera Keens-Douglas......... 778
> Mr. Vujdání's last letter to his family.............. 700 Missaghiyeh, Abdul-Missagh
> Pollinger, Franz..................................... 701 ('Abdu'l-Míthaq Míthaqíyih)............. 779
> Rhein, Ottilie....................................... 704 Mahmúdi, Zhínús Ni'mat....................... 781
> Sneider, Mabel Adelle................................ 706 Baqá, Shídrukh Amír-Kíyá..................... 784
> Halabí, Husayn (Husayn Rátibu'l-Halabí).............. 707 Raman, Appu.................................. 787
> Wilks, Helen Hazel................................... 708 Altass, Florence Elizabeth................... 788
> Ghobad, Isfandiyar (Isfándíyar Qubád)................ 709 Mavaddat, Nasrollah (Nasru'lláh
> Falláh, Muhammad 'Alí Afnán.......................... 711 Maviddat)............................... 791
> Chinniah, Inparaju................................... 712 Rostampour, Ardeshir (Ardashír
> Sala, Rosemary....................................... 713 Rustampúr).............................. 792
> Hayden, Robert....................................... 716 Korean, Suliana Halaholo..................... 794
> Giachery, Angeline................................... 717 Henseler, Julius............................. 795
> Nodada, Cecilia Mikize............................... 720 Joshi, Asanand Chagla........................ 796
> Outhey, Jeannette.................................... 722 Nakhjavání, Jalál............................ 797
> Abbas, Kamil (Kámil 'Abbás Ridá)..................... 722 Schmidt, Eugen............................... 800
> Blake, Cecilia King.................................. 723 Baker, Richard St. Barbe..................... 802
> Allen, John William.................................. 725 Brechtefeld, Henry........................... 805
> Fitzner, Sarah Florence.............................. 727 Seepé, Lot Max............................... 807
> Dhacoo, Louis Pierre Henri........................... 728 Greeves, Lisbeth............................. 808
> Stettler, Karl Donald................................ 729 Blakely, Dudley Moore........................ 810
> Cookson, Alexe....................................... 730 Mesbah, Amine (Amín'u'lláh Misbáh)........... 813
> Mobedzadeh, Shah Behram (Sháh Bahrám Mesbah, Jeanne (Marie-Jeanne Irady Misbáh)... 813
> Múbidzádih)...................................... 732 Cobb, Stanwood............................... 815
> Armstrong, Leonora Stirling.......................... 733 Kamálí-Sarvistání, Mírzá Aqá Khán............ 817
> Scherer, Loretta L. ................................. 739 Lith, Jacob Eduard (Bob) van................. 818
> Scherer, Carl A. .................................... 739 Njang, Elizabeth Idang....................... 819
> Shepherd, Harold..................................... 740 Kazemi (Kázimí), Sharon Rickey............... 820
> Kahaloa, Solomon..................................... 742 Holley, Doris................................ 822
> Vahdat, 'Ismat....................................... 743 Zonneveld, Arnold............................ 825
> 
> Part Six: Directory, Bibliography, Glossary
> 
> The Mayor of La Paz, Bolivia, at the La Paz book fair; July 1981.......................................... 845
> Bahá'í exhibit, International Book Fair, Frankfurt, Germany; October 1982................................. 892
> An example of Mishkín-Qalam's calligraphy................................................................. 896
> 
> Part Seven: Literary and Musical Works
> 
> Bernard Leach; July 1977.................................................................................. 931
> Kaushal Kishore Bhargava.........................................................................,........ 969
> August Forel; 1924........................................................................................ 974
> The Times of London, 30 August 1980, reported the seizure of the members of the
> National Spiritual Assembly of Irán.................................................................. 979
> Anna and August Rudd...................................................................................... 981
> Some participants in the first Winter School of Sweden; December 1979..................................... 982
> 
> [page v]
> 
> PREFACE
> 
> THE successive volumes of The Bahá'í World have come to be anticipated by Bahá'ís as the record of their own collective endeavours on behalf of their Faith, of the establishment and development of its administrative order throughout the world and as the source of data, both historical and statistical, relating to the rise of that Faith during its formative age.
> 
> By librarians and students The Bahá'í World is becoming ever more widely known as a source of authentic information about the aims, tenets, history, activities, organization and growth of the Bahá'í Faith. The editors therefore have always in mind the preservation of an even balance between the presentation of material of supreme interest to believers and of a fair and objective picture to enquirers. In this they are guided by the policy of Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith, who directed the compilation of the successive volumes from I to XII covering the years 1925 to 1954. The first volume, known as Bahá'í Year Book, was in fact a one-year survey; the next seven volumes were biennial, terminating in 1940; volume IX recorded the four years from 1940 to 1944; volume X was again biennial and volumes XI and XII presented the periods 1946 to 1950 and 1950 to 1954 respectively. All these volumes were published in the United States under the aegis of the National Spiritual Assembly and the supervision of the Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith. Volume XIII, which recorded the passing of the Guardian and the course and completion of his Ten Year Crusade, covered the entire period from 1954 to 1963 and was produced under the supervision of the Universal House of Justice, which henceforth assumed responsibility for publication. Volumes XIV, XV, XVI and XVII covered the years 1963 to 1968, 1968 to 1973, 1973 to 1976 and 1976 to 1979 respectively.
> 
> This volume, relating to the years 1979 to 1983, records the observance in the Holy Land in July 1982 of the fiftieth anniversary of the passing of The Greatest Holy Leaf, eldest daughter of Bahá'u'lláh and 'the outstanding heroine of the Bahá'í Dispensation'; the successful completion of the first stage of the restoration of the House of 'Abdu'lláh Páshá and its opening to pilgrims; the completion of construction of the permanent Seat of the Universal House of Justice and its occupation by that Institution in January 1983; the holding in the Holy Land in May 1983 of the fifth International Convention; the progress made towards construction of the first Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the Indian Subcontinent in New Delhi and of the first Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the Pacific Islands in Samoa; the holding in 1982 of five International Conferences dedicated to the Greatest Holy Leaf and marking the ftieth anniversary of her passing; the progress made in the Seven Year global teaching plan inaugurated at Ridván 1979 and constituting yet another stage in the unfoldment of 'Abdu'l-Bahá's Divine Plan; and the resumption in Irán on a scale unprecedented in recent history of a campaign designed to xtirpate the Bahá'í Faith from the land of its birth through the systematic imprisonment and execution of its leaders, the expropriation, desecration and destruction of its holy places, and the persecution and harassment of its rank and file, a process which, to an extent never before witnessed, drew the sympathetic attention of governments, world leaders and the mass media to the true nature of the Revelation of Bahá'u'lláh and publicized its teachings.
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> — *The Baha'i World: Volume 18 (1979-1983) (Used by permission of the curator)*