The Remains of the Bab in Tehran
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Source: Bahá'í Library Online (bahai-library.com), curated by Jonah Winters. Used by permission of the curator. Original citation: Ahang Rabbani, The Remains of the Bab in Tehran, bahai-library.com.
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The Remains of the Bab in Tehran

Ahang Rabbani

1997

Introduction: The execution of the Bab and His fellow-martyr, Mirza Muhammad-'Ali Anis, took
place in July 1850 and it was not until March 1909 that their mangled bodies
were entombed in their permanent Shrine on Mount Carmel. During this period of
fifty-nine years, fearing destruction by entrenched enemies, this sacred trust
was concealed in a number of places, of which, for four years, unbeknown to its
residence, it was kept in the Tihran home of Husayn-'Ali Nur. The purpose of
this brief article is to outline the background of this episode and to share a
translation of Husayn-'Ali Nur's recollections in this regard.[1] [-A. H.]

Concealment of the Remains of the Bab

One of the most outstanding achievements of the Bahá'í Faith during its
opening Age was the safe concealment of the casket containing the sacred dust
of the Bab for some sixty years. To review: Immediately after the execution of
the Bab and Anis, their remains were cast by the edge of a moat outside the
city of Tabriz. In the middle of the second night, through the efforts of Haji
Sulayman Khan, they were moved to a silk factory owned by one of the Babis of
Milan, and the next day were laid in a wooden casket and carried to another
location. In accordance with Bahá'u'lláh's instructions, the casket was then
transported to Tihran and placed in the shrine of Imam-Zadih Hasan. It was
later removed to the residence of Haji Sulayman Khan in the Sar-Chashmih
district of the city, and from his house taken to the shrine of Imam-Zadih
Ma'sum, where it remained concealed until 1867.

At that time, Bahá'u'lláh directed Mulla 'Ali-Akbar Shahmirzadi and Jamal
Burujirdi to transfer the remains to some other spot. The two believers
searched for a suitable place, until on the road leading to Chashmih-'Ali, they
came upon the abandoned and dilapidated Masjid Masha'u'llah, where they
deposited the precious casket within one of its walls. The next day, having
learned that the hiding-place had been discovered, they removed the casket to
Tihran, keeping it for fourteen months in the residence of Mirza Hasan
Vazir.

Afterwards, Haji Shah Muhammad Manshadi and another believer were instructed to
bury the casket beneath the floor of the inner sanctuary of the shrine of
Imam-Zadih Zayd, where it lay undetected until Mirza Asadu'llah Isfahani was
informed of its exact location through a chart forwarded to him by
Bahá'u'lláh.

Mirza Asadu'llah first "removed the remains to his own house in Tihran, after
which they were deposited in several other localities such as the house of
Husayn-i-'Aliy-i-Isfahani and that of Muhammad-Karim-i-'Attar, where they
remained hidden until the year 1316 A.H. (1899), when, in pursuance of
directions issued by 'Abdu'l-Bahá, this same Mirza Asadu'llah, together with a
number of other believers, transported them by way of Isfahan, Kirmanshah,
Baghdad and Damascus, to Beirut and thence by sea to 'Akka, arriving at their
destination on the 19th of the month of Ramadan 1316 A.H. (January 31, 1899),
fifty lunar years after the Bab's execution in Tabriz."[2]

In listing the Bahá'í properties acquired in Iran, Shoghi Effendi has
recorded, "Other acquisitions that have greatly extended the range of Bahá'í
endowments in that country include ... the house owned by Mirza
Husayn-'Aliy-i-Nur, where the Bab's remains had been concealed."[3]

Aqa Husayn-'Ali Nur:

Aqa Husayn-'Ali's father was Aqa 'Ali, a deeply religious Muslim who
would observe the Islamic laws to the point of fanaticism. When Aqa 'Ali first
heard of the Bahá'í Faith, he decided on investigating its veracity, promising
himself that should he find it to be of truth, he would walk to the presence of
its Author. Some time passed and one night he dreamt of Bahá'u'lláh and the
Bab. Through this vision, he was confirmed in his belief and with great
ecstasy, began his journey to 'Akka. With utmost difficulty, he reached his
destination, only to be told, after a prolonged search, that Bahá'u'lláh was
incarcerated in the city's prison and all were barred from attaining His august
presence. Desperate to behold the Object of his longing, Aqa 'Ali ascended a
nearby hill and from its top was able to briefly gaze at the countenance of
Bahá'u'lláh Who waved at him from the window of His prison cell. Thrilled with
this blessing, Aqa 'Ali immediately submitted a supplication and was honored
with a response from Bahá'u'lláh in which He bestowed the surname "Nur" [light]
upon him. Aqa 'Ali Nur returned to his native town of Isfahan and commenced
teaching the Cause.[4]

Aqa Husayn-'Ali was born in 1861 in Isfahan. When he was eighteen, two
prominent and wealthy Bahá'í merchants of the city, Mirza Hasan and Mirza
Husayn, surnamed the King of Martyrs and the Beloved of Martyrs, were
wrongfully accused, seized and after considerable tortures, put to death. This
event took place at the instigation of the leading 'ulama and with the
knowledge and collusion of the governor, Zillu's-Sultan.

During the evening following these martyrdom, Husayn-'Ali and his older
brother, Hasan-'Ali, together with three other believers who served the King of
Martyrs, clandestinely left the city and through unfrequented routes and after
enduring great hardships eventually reached Tihran.

Gradually, they were able to reestablish themselves in the capital where
Husayn-'Ali became a successful merchant, his seed-money having been granted by
Bahá'u'lláh. He bought a parcel of land on the south side of Bagh Firdaws
(presently a women's hospital), next to the Bazar Madar-Aqa, where he built a
nine-room house. It was in this house that for four years the remains of the
Bab were kept.

Some time later, Aqa Husayn-'Ali committed to paper his fascinating memories of
the King and the Beloved of Martyrs and the events leading to their slaying,
and he included a chapter on the concealment of the remains of the Bab in his
house in Tihran. Considerably supplementing A.H. Ishraq-Khavari's
Núrayn-i Nayyiran, this book contains many Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh
and 'Abdu'l-Bahá and was published in 128 BE through the efforts of Aqa
Husayn-'Ali's son, Colonel 'Izzatu'llah Nur, under the title "Khatirat Muhajiri
Az Isfahan" (memoirs of a refugee from Isfahan).

An Extract from "Khatirat Muhajiri Az Isfahan", pages 68-75[5]:

About the year 1269 Sh[6], Mirza
Asadu'llah Isfahani and his wife arrived from Isfahan in Tihran and came to the
residence of this servant, which was located south of the present Bagh Firdaws.
After a few days, he mentioned, "We intend to continue our journey to the Holy
Land, but certain objects have been left in our trust which we have placed in a
box and now wish to leave them in your care. After our return, we will come and
retrieve our trust, but you must exert your utmost to ensure the protection and
safekeeping of these items."

I accepted this charge and the following day, he and his wife returned to our
house carrying a wooden box. With utmost reverence, they placed the box in the
room near the courtyard and asked that the room be locked and no one be
permitted inside until their return the subsequent day. They took the key with
them.

The next day Aqa Mirza Asadu'llah and his wife returned and this time they
brought with them an iron container (known as, Hishtar-khun Sanduq), which is
lined with iron sheets from both outside and inside. They opened the room and
the two of them entered and closed the curtains so carefully that nothing could
be seen from outside and we had no idea what they were doing within the room.

They stayed inside for four hours. Finally, they emerged from the room and
summoning me forward, stated, "This is the trust that we like to leave in your
charge." I looked inside and noticed that the new iron container was locked and
sealed, and placed in the center of the room. A fantastic aroma or attar and
musk was emanating from the container and perfuming the air.

We left the container in the large, built-in pantry of the room and later, one
of the Bahá'í youth, who was a builder, came and brick-walled the front of the
pantry.

Of course, caring for an entrusted object is a very difficult task,
particularly when one believes it to be a box of the Writings by the Bab and
Bahá'u'lláh. As such, after Aqa Mirza Asadu'llah's departure, I was protecting
that trust with my own life. Even at nights, I would stand guard in the room
till morning and be watchful. In fact, early on, for many nights I would sleep
in that room, but after a while refrained from doing so.

It went thusly for two years, until once more the people of rancor and enmity
in Tihran raised the standard of sedition and some of the believers, including
Ibn-i Abhar, Haji Amin and Haji Mulla 'Ali-Akbar were arrested. News was
spreading throughout the city that the homes of Bahá'ís were being targeted for
pillage and plunder. This rumor greatly disturbed me and I worried that the
enemies may rush our home and steal the trust. Therefore, we convened a family
consultation and it was decided to more securely hide the entrusted container.

Quickly we moved the container from the pantry on the western side of the house
to a location on the eastern side, where we removed a portion of one of the
thick walls and vertically inserted the container in the cavity. That night, we
raised a wall in front of the cavity and covered it with plaster, which was
heated all night by a fire so by the morning it was completely dry and looked
identical to the other portions of the room.

That very day, I wrote to Mirza Asadu'llah Isfahani, stating, "Great uproar
reigns throughout Tihran and rouges and ruffians are determined to harm and
persecut this innocent community [i.e. Bahá'ís], and may even succeed in
pillaging the homes of believers. Since safekeeping a trust is one of the
important ordinances enjoined upon the people of Bahá, until now I have
protected your trust with my life. However, now there is the possibility that
hoodlums may rush our house and, God forbidden, harm your trust. Therefore, at
your earliest, kindly arrange for your return to Tihran to retrieve this
trust."

I sent the above letter and some time later received a reply from Mirza
Asadu'llah which stated that, at an opportune time, he would acquaint the
Master with the situation and after receiving His permission, would come to
Tihran to regain the entrusted container.

A year later, Aqa Mirza Asadu'llah came to Tihran, arrived at our house and
asked for the container. We removed it from its hiding place inside the walls
and returned it to him. After carefully inspecting it, he moved it to another
location, which apparently was the home of Aqa Muhammad-Karim 'Attar.

Six months had passed when one day the postman brought a letter from
Kirmanshah. Upon examining it, I noticed that it was from Aqa Mirza Asadu'llah.
I quickly opened it and read that he had expressed much appreciation and
gratitude for the safekeeping of the trust that had been in my charge for
nearly four years. He had further written, "However, your efforts in protecting
this trust are not without their due reward. Indeed, they have won a prize that
even your progenies, generation after generation, would pride themselves in
your service. Your house will forever be honored that at one time it was the
repository of such sacred trust." At last, he had revealed, "Know that this
trust was none other than the sanctified remains of the Wronged of the World,
the Primal Point, may my soul be a ransom for His martyrdom. Know the worth of
this charge as your house will one day be the site of pilgrimage of millions of
people and indeed it will be regarded as one of the Faith's Holy Places."

... On reading this letter, immediately the friends were invited to our house
and the above letter was read for them. It was a majestic feast that rarely one
similar to it had been seen before. All the friends and lovers of that
Manifestation of Divinity, perfumed their nostrils with the musk of the spot
where the sacred remains had been deposited and prostrating themselves on that
threshold, used its dust as the kohl of their eyes. It was a feast conducted in
the utmost magnificence and splendor. The lovers of that Beloved of the World
composed enchanting odes and sang enthralling songs. From that day, that spot
was designated as one of the Faith's Holy Places. In accordance with
'Abdu'l-Bahá's wish, a picture of the house and that room was taken and sent to
the Holy Land.

Some time later, when I was privileged to be in the presence of the Master on
pilgrimage, one afternoon, along with a group of believers I was invited to the
home of Mirza Asadu'llah. Once more, Mirza Asadu'llah reiterated, "Protect that
house since it's one of the Bahá'í Holy Places!"

Notes:

[1] This article is dedicated to the
loving memory of 'Izzatu'llah Nur.

[2] God Passes By 274.

[3] God Passes By 338.

[4] Khatirat Muhajiri Az Isfahan
79-80.

[5] The following extract is translated for
the first time in this article.

[6] 1890.

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-- The Remains of the Bab in Tehran (Used by permission of the curator)