Vidyākaraśānti: Tarkasopāna
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Source: GRETIL (gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de) — Sanskrit academic edition. Title: Vidyākaraśānti: Tarkasopāna. Data entry: (see source file). License: refer to source file header.
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## Data entry: Klaus Wille
## Contribution: Klaus Wille
## Date of this version: 2020-07-31

## Source:
   - Giuseppe Tucci in: Minor Buddhist Texts, Part I. Roma 1956 (Serie Orientale Roma, 9), pp. 275-310.

## Publisher: Göttingen Register of Electronic Texts in Indian Languages (GRETIL), SUB Göttingen

## Licence:
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## Structure of references:
   A reference is assembled consisting of
   - a pragmatic abbreviation of the title: Tarkasopāna = ,
   - the number of the  in arabic numerals,
   - the number of the verse in arabic numerals.

## Notes:
   This file has been created by mass conversion of GRETIL's Sanskrit corpus from vtrksopu.htm. Due to the heterogeneity of the sources the header markup might be suboptimal. For the sake of transparency the header of the legacy file is documented in the note element below:

	 Vidyakarasanti: Tarkasopana (= Ts)
Based on the edition by Giuseppe Tucci in: Minor Buddhist Texts,
Part I. Roma 1956 (Serie Orientale Roma, 9), pp. 275-310.
Input by Klaus Wille (Göttingen)
BOLD for references to Tucci's edition
ITALICS for restored text

## Revisions:
   - 2020-07-31: TEI encoding by mass conversion of GRETIL's Sanskrit corpus

# Text

vidyākaraśānti: tarkasopāna

namo mañjuśriye //

saṃsārasarasi kolatuiyam ajñānabhedinaḥ /
smaraṇaṃme hevajrasya vartatāṃ hṛdi vaściram //

1. hitāhitaprāptiparihārahetur niyamena pramāṇam iti saṃkṣepatas tad vyutpādyate // pramāṇam avisaṃvādi jñānam / visaṃvadanaṃ visaṃvādaḥ / na visaṃvādo 'visaṃvādaḥ / sa yasyāsti tad avisaṃvādi / saṃvādy evetyarthaḥ // avisaṃvādaḥ punar upadarśitārthapratibaddhārthakriyāprāpaṇam / prāpaṇam api prāpakatvaṃ tadyogyatā ca / avyavahitāyām arthakriyāyāṃ pramāṇasya prāpakatvam eva / vyavahitāyāṃ pravartakatvam api / prāpakatvaṃ copadarśakatvam eva / karaṇadharmasyopadarśakatvasya grahaṇād gṛhītagrahiṇām akaraṇatvena vyudāsān nātivyāpitā / ata evācāryo dharmottaro 'py āha // yenaiva prathamam upadarśitārthas tenaiva pravartitaḥ puruṣaḥ prāpitaś cārthaḥ kim anyenādhikaṃ kāryam / marīcikājalajñānādīny upadarśitārthapratibaddhārthakriyāprāpaṇāsaṃbhavād eva nirastānīti / jñānagrahaṇena cājñānasya indriyāder nirāsaḥ / karaṇavihitapratyayena ca gṛhītagrāhiṇaḥ / tena yad abhimatārthakriyāsamarthārthaprāpaṇayogyam apūrvaviṣayaṃ jñānaṃ tat pramāṇam //

2. tad dvividham / pratyakṣam anumānaṃ ca /

3. pratigatam āśritam akṣaṃ pratyakṣam / atyādayaḥ krāntādyarthe dvitīyayeti samāsaḥ // prāptāpannālaṅgatisamāseṣu paraval liṅgapratiṣedhaḥ / tena pratyakṣaḥ pratyayaḥ pratyakṣā buddhiḥ / pratyakṣaṃ jñānam iti siddhaṃ bhavati / akṣāśritatvaṃ ca pratyakṣasya vyutpattimātranimittaṃ / pravṛttinimittaṃ tu sākṣātkaraṇam eva / tena yat kiṃcid viṣayasya sākṣātkāri jñānaṃ tat sarvaṃ pratyakṣaśabdavācyaṃ sidhyati / mīyate 'neneti mānam / liṅgagrahaṇasaṃbandhasmaraṇayoḥ paścānmānam anumānam / etac ca rūḍhivaśāl labhyate / tena dharmiviśeṣavarti liṅgaṃ dṛṣṭavato iiṅgaliṅginoś ca saṃbandhaṃ smṛtavato yataḥ parokṣavastvālambanaṃ jñānam utpadyate tad anumānaśabdenābhidhīyate //

4. cakāraḥ pratyakṣānumānayos tulyabalatvaṃ samuccinoti / yathārthāvinābhāvitvāt pratyakṣaṃ pramāṇam / tathānumānam apy arthāvinābhāvi pramāṇam iti tad uktam //

arthasyāsaṃbhave 'bhāvāt pratyakṣe 'pi pramāṇatā /
pratibaddhasvabhāvasya taddhetutve samaṃ dvayam iti //

anenaiva tulyabalatvakhyāpanena yad api mīmāṃsakair uktaṃ sarvapramāṇānāṃ pratyakṣam eva jyeṣṭhaṃ tatpūrvakatvād anumānāder iti tad api nirastam // ātmasattālābhe sarvapramāṇānāṃ svakāraṇāpekṣatvān (ts 77) na jyeṣṭhetarabhāvakalpanā sādhvīti / evaṃ pratyakṣānumānabhedena dviprakāram eva pramāṇaṃ //

5. dvividhavacanenaikaṃ pramāṇaṃ trīṇi catvāri pañca ṣad iti vipratipattayo nirasyante / tathāhi pratyakṣam eva pramāṇaṃ bārhaspatyānām / pratyakṣānumānāgamāḥ pramāṇāni āṃkhyānām / upamānam api naiyāyikānām / arthāpattir api prābhākarāṇām / abhāvo hi pratyakṣaṃ śabdaś ca pramāṇam iti vaiyākarāṇaḥ //

6. tatra pratyakṣaṃ kalpanāpodham abhrāntam / yaj jñānaṃ kalpanayā kalpanātvena rahitam abhrāntaṃ ca tad eva pratyakṣam / etena yad uktam udyotakareṇa / yadi pratyakṣaśabdena pratyakṣam abhidhīyate / kathaṃ tat kalpanāpoḍham / atha kalpanāpodhaṃ kathaṃ pratyakṣaṃ kalpanāpodham ity anena śabdenocyata iti / yad api bhartṛhariṇoktam / kalpanā hi jñānaṃ pratyakṣam api jñānaṃ / pratyakṣajñāne kalpanājñānaṃ pratiṣedhatānyasmin jnāne jñānāntaram astīti pratipāditam / prāptipūrvakā hi pratiṣedhā bhavantīti nyāyād iti / tat sarvam apāstam / tādātmyapratiṣedhasyātrābhimatatvāt / ata eva vivṛtaṃ kalpanayā kalpanātvena rahitam iti /

7. kutaḥ punaḥ kalpanābhramayor abhāvaḥ pratyakṣa iti cet / yasmāt kalpanāvibhramayor artharūpasākṣātkaraṇaṃ nāsti / tathā hi / abhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsapratītiḥ kalpanā / abhilāpo vācakaḥ śabdaḥ / sa ca sāmānyākāraḥ / tena saṃsargyas tadyogyaḥ (ts 278) pratibhāso yasyāṃ pratītau sā abhilāpasaṃsargayogyapratibhāsā / yogyagrahaṇenāvyutpannasaṃketasya bālakasya kalpanā saṃgṛhyate / yady api tasyām abhilāpasaṃsargo nāsti tadyogyā tu bhavaty eva / tatpratibhāsino 'rthākārasyecchādhīnasaṃketānuvidhāyinā śabdenābhidhātuṃ śakyatvāt / kutaḥ punar bālakasya kalpanā siddheti cet / tatkāryasya pravṛttyādilakṣaṇasya pradarśanāt // tathā hi bālako 'ṅguryādiparihāre stanādau pravartate / tad uktaṃ /

itikartavyatā loke sarvā śabdavyapāśrayā /
tāṃ pūrvāhitasaṃskāro bālo 'pi pratipadyata // iti

bālake punaḥ saṃmūrcchitākṣarākāradhvaniviśiṣṭā buddhiviparivartinī kalpanā ūhyā yayā paścāt saṃketagrahaṇakuśalo bhavati / na cedṛśīyam artharūpaṃ sākṣātkaroti / avyāpṛtendriyasya darśaṇavad buddhau śabdenāpratibhāsanād artharūpasya / sa hi śabdasyārtho yaḥ śābde pratyaye pratibhāsate / upāyabhedāt pratipattibhedo nārthabhedāt / yathaika eva devadatto dvārād dṛśyate jālena ceti cet / ayuktam etat / upāyabhede 'pi tadrūpasyaiva grahaṇāt kathaṃ pratipattibhedaḥ / na ca vastūnāṃ dve rūpe spaṣṭāspaṣṭalakṣaṇe virodhād etannibandhanatvāc ca bhedasya / ata eva dṛṣṭānto 'py asiddhaḥ / tad uktam /

jāto nāmāśrayo nānyaś cetasāṃ tasya vastunaḥ /
ekasyaiva kuto rūpaṃ bhinnākārāvabhāsi tad //

iti / tad evam abhilapituṃ śakyam evārthaṃ kalpanā (ts 279) śabdena saṃyojya gṛhṇīyāt / abhilāpyaṃ ca vastu sākṣātkriyamāṇaṃ śabdenāyojitam eva sākṣātkartavyam iti / siddham etat kalpanāyā nāsti vastusākṣātkaraṇam iti /

8.bhrāntam api jñānaṃ timirāśubhramaṇanauyānasaṃkṣobhādyāhitavibhramam artharūpavisaṃvādakam / tat katham anyathā sthitam arthaṃ sākṣātkuryāt / svarūpapratibhāsasya sākṣātkaraṇaśabdavācyatvāt / tasmān nāsti vastusākṣātkaraṇaṃ vibhramasyāpīti siddham / ataś ca vijñānaṃ viṣayasākṣātkāri niyamena kalpanāvibhramābhyāṃ viparītaṃ bhavat kalpanāpoḍham abhrāntaṃ cāvatiṣṭhate / tatra kalpanāpoḍhapadenānumānasya nirodhaḥ / abhrāntapadena dvicandrajñānādeḥ / anyārthaṃ kṛtam anyārthaṃ bhavatīti nyāyāt paravipratipattir api nirākṛtā draṣṭavyā / tathā hi vaiyākaraṇair uktam /

na so 'sti pratyayo loke yaḥ śabdānugamād ṛte /
anuviddham iva jñānaṃ sarvaṃ śabdena jāyata //

iti / sarvapratyayānāṃ śabdānugatarūpatve sati kasyacid api jñānasyārthasākṣātkaraṇayogāt / anubhavasiddhaṃ ca kalpanāpoḍhaṃ pratyakṣaṃ katham aṅkayate / aśvavikalpanakāle gor anubhavāt / tad evāvikalpakaṃ pratyakṣaṃ / na cāśvavikalpa eva gāṃ pratipadyate / svanāmopasaṃhitasya tasya tena grahaṇāt / na ca vikalpāntaraṃ dṛṣyaṃ saṃvedyate / etenāśvādivikalpakāle gavādivikalpo 'pi vyākhyātaḥ / tathā mīmāṃsakair api /

asti hy ālocanājñanaṃ prathamaṃnirvikalpakaṃ /
bālamūkādivijñānasadṛśaṃ śuddhavastujam //

tataḥ paraṃ punar vastudharmair jātyādibhir yayā /
buddhyāvasīyate sāpi pratyakṣatvena saṃmatā // ity

anena vikalpasyāpi pratyakṣatvam iṣṭam / naiyāyikādibhir api vyavasāyātmakam ity ādinā niścayasyaiva pratyakṣatvam uktam etad api kalpanāpoḍham ity anenaiva nirastam / yadi kalpanātmakaṃ pratyakṣaṃ syād arthasākṣātkaritaiva hīyeta iti//

9. abhrāntagrahaṇenāpi śuklaśaṅkhādau pītaśaṅkhādivijñānaṃ nirasyate / saty api bhrame 'rthakriyāvisaṃvādābhāvāt / nāpi tad anumānaṃ yujyate liṅgajatvāt / ataḥ pratyakṣam iti / kathaṃ punar etad abhrāntagrahaṇenāvisaṃvādārthena nirasyate / ucyate / adhyavasitārthākārapratirūpārthakriyāprāpter asaṃbhavāt / yadi hy avisaṃvāditāmātreṇa pramāṇaṃ syāt keśoṇḍukādijñāne 'pi ālokādeḥ saṃvādasaṃbhavāt tad api pramāṇaṃ syāt //

10. tat pratyakṣaṃ caturvidhaṃ / indriyajñānaṃ mānasaṃ svasaṃvedanaṃ yogijñānaṃ ceti //

11. indriyāṇāṃ cakṣuḥśrotaghrāṇajihvākāyānām āśritaṃ jñānam indriyajñānaṃ / svaviṣayakṣaṇopādeyasajātīyakṣaṇasahitenendriyajñānena samanantarapratyayena janitaṃ manomātrāśrayatvān mānasam / sarvacittacaittānām ātmā saṃvedyate yena rūpeṇa tat svasaṃvedanam / yogaḥ śamathaḥ prajñā yeṣām asti te yoginaḥ / teṣāṃ yaj jñānaṃ pramāṇopapannārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantajaṃ tad yogijñānam / (ts 281) prakāracatuṣṭayākhyānena yair indriyam eva draṣṭṛ kalpitaṃ mānase ca pratyakṣe doṣa udbhāvitaḥ svasaṃvedanaṃ nābhyupagataṃ yogijñānaṃ ca yogina eva na santi kutas teṣāṃ jñānam iti te sarve nirastā bhavanti //

12. tathā hi vaibhāṣikais tāvaj jñānasyāpratighatvād yadi tad draṣṭṛ syād tadā vyavahitam api gṛhṇīyād itīndriyaṃ draṣṭṛ kalpitaṃ / na caitad yuktam / yadi hi jñānaṃ gatvārthaṃ gṛhṇāti tadā gamanavibandhakābhāvād vyavahitam api gṛhṇīyād iti yujyate vaktum / kiṃ tu / yadākāraṃ taj jñānam utpadyate tat tena gṛhītam ity ucyate na cāyogyadeśastho 'rthas tatsarūpakaḥ / tat kathaṃ tasya tena grahaṇaṃ syāt / kiṃ ca / yadīndriyaṃ draṣṭṛ syāt tadā kācādivyavahitasyārthasya grahaṇaṃ na syāt / sapratighā daśa rūpiṇa iti siddhāntāt / katham āgame uktam / cakṣuṣā gṛhyate rūpam iti / aupacāriko 'sau nirdeśaḥ //

13. yad api kumārilādibhir uktam / yadīndriyajñānagṛhītam arthaṃ gṛhṇāti mānasam / tadā gṛhītagrāhitvād asyāprāmāṇyam / athendriyajñānāgṛhītam arthaṃ gṛhṇāti / tadā cāndhabadhirādyabhāvadoṣaprasaṅga iti / tad api svaviṣayakṣaṇopādeyasajātīyakṣaṇasahitenendriyajñānena yaj janitam ity anenaiva nirastam / tathā hīndriyajñānaviṣayopādeyabhūtakṣaṇagrāhi mānasam / na ca indriyajñānam andhādīnām asti / tat kuto 'ndhabadhirādyahhāvadoṣaḥ / nāpi (ts 282) gṛhītagrāhitā / indriyajñānaviṣayopādeyabhūtakṣaṇasyānena grahaṇāt / etac ca mānasaṃ pratyakṣam uparatavyāpāre cakṣurādau pratyakṣam iṣyate / vyāpriyamāṇe punar etasmin yat pratyakṣaṃ tac ced anindriyajaṃ kim anyad indriyajaṃ bhaviṣyati / na ca nimīlitākṣasya rūpadarśanābhāvād anubhavaviruddhatvam āśaṅkanīyam / kṣaṇamātrabhāvitvena duravadhāratvāt //

14. kim arthaṃ tarhy etad upanyastam iti cet / ucyate / yat tat siddhānte mānasam uktaṃ tad yady evaṃlakṣaṇaṃ syād tadā na kaścit parokto doṣa ity ādarśayitum / yad api svasaṃvedanaṃ nābhyupagamyate parais cittacaittānāṃ tad api ayuktam / na tāvac cittacaittānāṃ prakāśo nāsty eva / prakāśasya sarvaprāṇinām anubhavasiddhatvāt / na caiṣāṃ pareṇa prakāśo yuktaḥ / tad dhi paraṃ samānakālabhāvi tāvat prakāśakam anupapannam upakārābhāvāt / bhinnakālabhāvy api na prakāśakaṃ prakāśyābhāvāt / tasmād yathā pradīpaḥ prakāśakasvabhāvatvād ātmānaṃ prakāśayati tathā jñānam apīti / nanu pradīpo 'pi cakṣuṣā prakāśyata iti cet / na sajātīyaprakāśanirapekṣatvena dṛṣṭāntīkṛtatvāt //

15. kiṃ ca / yadi jñānam ātmānaṃ na saṃvedayate / tadā svato 'pratyakṣatve 'rthānudbhavo 'py apratyakṣatayā na syāt / atra prayogaḥ / yad avyaktavyaktikaṃ na tad vyaktaṃ / yathā kiṃcit kadācit kathaṃcid avyaktavyaktikam / avyaktavyaktikaś ca jñānaparokṣatve ghaṭādir artha iti vyāpakānupalabdhiprasaṅgaḥ / iha vyaktatvaṃ niṣedhyaṃ / tasya vyāpakaṃ vyaktavyaktikatvam / tasya cehānupalabdhir iti / jñānasya jñānāntareṇa vyakter hetur ayam asiddha iti cet / (ts 283) na / ghaṭādijñānodayakāle siddhatvāt / na ca bhavatām api sarvaṃ vijñānam ekārthasamavāyinā jñānena jñāyate / bubhutsābhāve tadabhāvāt / yathopekṣaṇīyaviṣayā saṃvit / tata upekṣaṇīyam eva tāvad avyaktavyaktikatvād avyaktaṃ prasajyate /

16. kiṃ ca / jñānaṃ jñānasyāpi kathaṃ vyaktir iti vaktavyam / anyajñānena tasya siddhatvād ucyamānāyāṃ tatrāpy evam ity anavasthā syāt / na ceyaṃ saṃdigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttyānaikāntikī / tathāhi yady avyaktavyaktikam api vyaktavyavahāraviṣayaḥ syāt tadā puruṣāntaravartijñānam avyaktam api svajñānodayakālavat tathaiva vyaktaṃ vyavahriyeteti / tad ayaṃ vyaktavyavahāro vyaktavyaktikatvena vyāpī / siddhe ca vyāpyavyāpakabhāve vyāpakānupalabdhir aikāntikīti / nāpi svātmani kriyāvirodhaḥ / yadā jaḍapadārthavailakṣaṇyenotpattir eva svasaṃvittiḥ / tad uktam ācāryaśāntirakṣitapādaiḥ //

vijñānaṃ jaḍarūpebhyo vyāvṛttam upajāyate /
iyam evātmasaṃvittir asya yājaḍarūpatā //

svasaṃvicchabdārtho 'pi tair eva darśitaḥ /
svarūpavedanāyānyad vedakaṃ na vyapekṣate /
na cāviditam astīti so 'rtho 'yaṃ svasaṃvida // iti

17. yad apy uktaṃ yogina eva na santi kutas teṣāṃ jñānam iti / tad asāram / bhāvanā hi bhūtārthaviṣayā taditarā vā prakarṣaparyantavartinī sphuṭataragrāhyākāraṃ vijñānaṃ janayati / tathā hi śokādyupaplutacittavṛttayaḥ putrādibhāvanāsamāptau parisphuṭasamāvartitatpratibhāsavanto bhavanti / tatra yat (ts 284) pramāṇopapannārthabhāvanāprakarṣaparyantāj jātam karatalāmalakavad bhāvyamānārthaspaṣṭatarākāragrāhi tad yogipratyakṣam iti / yad āha /

bhāvanābalataḥ spaṣṭaṃ bhayādāv iva śaṃsate /
yaj jñānam avisamvādi tat pratyakṣam akalpakam iti //

18. tasya viṣayaḥ svalakṣaṇaṃ / tasya caturvidhasyānanyasādhāraṇena rūpeṇa yal iakṣyate tad viṣayaḥ / anena sāmānyaviṣayatvāropaḥ pratyakṣe pratyuktaḥ / yasyārthasya saṃnidhānāsaṃnidhānābhyāṃ jñānapratibhāsabhedas tat svalakṣaṇaṃ / yasya jñānaviṣayasya saṃnidhānaṃ yogyadeśāvasthānam / asaṃnidhānaṃ yogyadeśe 'bhāvaḥ sarvathā / tābhyāṃ yo jñānapratibhāsaṃ grāhyākāraṃ bhinatty utpādānutpādāt tat svalakṣaṇam // anyat sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ so 'numānasya viṣayaḥ / etasmāt svalakṣaṇād yad anyat sādhāraṇaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ so 'numānasya viṣayaḥ /

19. tad eva pratyakṣaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇaphalam / arthapratītirūpatvāt yad evānantaram uktaṃ pratyakṣaṃjñānaṃtad eva pramāṇasya phalam / arthasya pratītir avagamaḥ / tadrūpatvāt / yadi tad eva jñānaṃ pramāṇaphalaṃ neṣyate tadā bhinnaviṣayatvaṃ syāt pramāṇaphalayoḥ / na caitad yuktam / na hi paraśvādike khadiraprāpte palāśe cchidā bhavati //

20. arthasārūpyam asya pramāṇam / tadvaśād arthapratītisiddheḥ / iha yasmād viṣayād vijñānam udeti tatsarūpaṃ tad bhavati / atatsarūpeṇa jñānenārthavedanāyogāt / tathā hi vijñānaṃ bodhamātrasvabhāvam (ts 285) utpadyate / tadā nīlasyedaṃ vedanaṃ pītasyeti pratikarmavyavasthā na syāt / yādṛśaṃ hi tan nile pīte 'pi tādṛśaṃ ceti / arthasārūpye tu sati yasyaivākāram anukaroti jñānaṃ tatsaṃvedanaṃ bhavati nānyasya / tac cāsya sārūpyaṃ niyatārthapratītivyavasthāyāṃ sādhakatamatvāt pramāṇam / na caitat mantavyam / kathaṃ sādhyasādhanayor abheda iti / janyajanakabhāvenātra sādhyasādhanabhāvābhāvāt / vyavasthāpyavyavasthāpakabhāvena caikasyāpi ghaṭate / nāpi lokabādhā / loko pi kadācid ekadhanurādikaṃ kartṛtvādinā vadaty eva / tathāhi vaktāro bhavanti / dhanur vidhyati / dhanuṣā vidhyati / dhanuṣo nisṛtya saro vidhyatīti / etena pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇam uttaram uttaraṃ phalam iti pramāṇaphalabhrāntir apāstā // //

tarkasopāne pratyakṣaparicchedaḥ prathamaḥ // //

1. anumānaṃ dvidhā svārthaṃ parārthaṃ ca / svasmāyidaṃ svārthaṃ / yena svayaṃ pratipadyate / parasmāyidaṃ parārtham / yena paraṃ pratipādayati /

2. tatra trirūpaliṅgād yad anumeye jñānaṃ rūpatrayayuktāl liṅgād yad anumeyālambanaṃ jñānaṃ utpadyate tat svārtham anumānam / trirūpagrahaṇam ekaikadvidvirūpavyavacchedārtham / tatraikaikarūpo hetur na bhavati / yathā nityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvāt / mūrtatvāt / aprameyatvād iti / yathākramam anumeye sattvasapakṣasattvavipakṣavyāvṛtti (ts 286) mātram asti tathā hi dvidvirūpo yathānityo dhvaniḥ / amūrtatvāt / śrāvaṇatvāt / cākṣuṣatvād iti / yathākramam anumeye sattvasapakṣasattvāsapakṣāsattvamātrasyābhāvāt / tad uktam ācāryapādaiḥ /

ekaikadvidvirūpād vā liṅgān nārthaḥ kṛto 'rthataḥ //

kṛtakatvād dhvanir nityo mūrtatvād aprameyataḥ / amūrtaśrāvaṇatvābhyām anityaś cākṣuṣatvata // iti /

3. anumeyagrahaṇenāparokṣaviṣayasya nirāsaḥ / pramāṇaphalavyavasthātrāpi pratyakṣavat ] yathā pratyakṣe tasyaiva nīlādisārūpyaṃ pramāṇam uktaṃ nīlādipratītiś ca phalaṃ tathātrāpi vahnyādyākāraḥ pramāṇaṃ vahnyādivikalpanarūpatā ca phalam iti /

4. liṅgasya trīṇi rūpāṇi / anumeye sattvam eva niścitam / anumeye vakṣyamāṇalakṣaṇe liṅgasya sattvam eva niścitam ekarūpam ] tatra sattvavacanenāsiddho nirastaḥ / yathā nityaḥ śabdaḥ / cākṣuṣatvād iti / evakāreṇa pakṣaikadeśāsiddhaḥ nirasto hetuḥ / yathā cetanās taravaḥ svāpād iti / pakṣīkṛteṣu taruṣu patrasaṃkocalakṣaṇaḥ svāpa ekadeśe na siddhaḥ / na hi sarve vṛkṣā rātrau patrasaṃkocabhājaḥ / kiṃ tu kecid eva / sattvavacanasya paścātkṛtenaivakāreṇāsādhāraṇo dharmo nirastaḥ / anyathā hy anityaḥ srāvaṇatvād ity asyaiva hetutvaṃ syāt / niścitagrahaṇena saṃdigdhāsiddhāder vyavacchedaḥ / yathā bāṣpādibhāvena saṃdihyamāno bhūtasaṃghāto 'gnisiddhāv upādīyamānaḥ / sapakṣa eva sattvam / sapakṣo vakṣyamāṇalakṣaṇas tasmin eva sattvaṃ niścitaṃ dvitīyaṃ rūpam / (ts 287) ihāpi sattvagrahaṇena viruddho nirastaḥ / yathā nityaḥ kṛtatvād iti / yasmād asyaiva sapakṣe nāsti / evakāreṇa sādhāraṇānaikāntikaḥ / yathā nityaḥ prameyatvād iti / sa hi na sapakṣa eva vartate kiṃtūbhayatrāpi / sattvavacanāt pūrvāvadhāraṇavacanena sapakṣāvyāpisattākasyāpi kathitaṃ hetutvam / yathā nityaḥ prayatnānantarīyakatvāt / niścitavacanena cānuvṛttena saṃdigdhānvayo 'naikāntiko nirastaḥ / yathā sarvajñaḥ kaścid vaktṛtvāt / vaktṛtvaṃ hi sapakṣe sarvajñe saṃdigdham asapakṣe cāsattvam eva niścitam ity atrāpi vartate / asapakṣo vakṣyamāṇalakṣaṇaḥ / tasminn asattvam eva niścitaṃ tṛtīyaṃ rūpam / tatrāsattvagrahaṇena viruddhasya nirāsaḥ / viruddho hi vipakṣe 'sti / evakāreṇa sādhāraṇasya vipakṣaikadeśavṛtter nirāsaḥ / yathā prayatnānantarīyakaḥ śabdo 'nityatvād iti / prayatnānantariyakatve hi sādhye 'nityatvaṃ vipakṣaikadeśe vidyudādāv asti / ākāśādau nāsti / tato 'vadhāraṇenāsya nirāsaḥ / asattvaśabdāt pūrvasminn avadhāraṇe 'yam arthaḥ syād / vipakṣa eva yo nāsti sa hetuḥ / tathā ca prayatnānantarīyakatvaṃ sapakṣe 'pi nāsti / tato na hetuḥ syāt / tataḥ pūrvaṃ na kṛtam / niścitagrahaṇena saṃdigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttiko nirastaḥ / yathā devadattaputraḥ śyāmas tatputratvāt paridṛśyamānaputravad iti /

nanu sapakṣe sattvam ity ukte sapakṣe sattvam eveti gamyate tat kim artham ubhayor upādānam / satyam / kiṃtv anvayo vyatireko vā niyamavān eva prayoktavyo yenānvayaprayoge cānvayagatir iti / tena na dvayor upādānam ekatra prayoge kartavyam iti śikṣaṇārtham atrobhayor upādānaṃ kṛtam /

5. anumeyo 'tra jijñāsitaviśeṣo dharmī / atreti hetulakṣaṇe niścetavye / jijñāsitaviśeṣagrahaṇena cājñātaviśeṣatāmātram upalakṣyate anyathā hi vyāptismaraṇayuktasyāgnyādikaṃ paryeṣamāṇasya dhūmādidarśanamātrād eva naganitaṃbādau vahnyādipratītir yā sā na saṃgṛhitā syāt / sādhyadharmasāmānyena samāno 'rthaḥ sapakṣaḥ samānaḥ sadṛśo yo 'rthaḥ pakṣeṇa sa sapakṣa uktaḥ / upacārāt samānaśabdena viśiṣyate / samānaḥ pakṣaḥ sapakṣaḥ / samānasya ca sa śabdādeśo yogavibhāgāt / samānaḥ pakṣo 'syeti tu na kartavyam / evaṃ hi pakṣeṇa sādṛśyaṃ sapakṣasya na pratipāditaṃ syāt / pakṣasyaiva ca sapakṣasādṛśyaṃ pratipāditaṃ syāt / na caitat / sapakṣasyāprasiddhatvāt / idānīm eva hi tallakṣaṇaṃ kriyate / samānatā ca sādhyadharmasāmānyena /

7. na sapakṣo 'sapakṣaḥ [ tato 'nyas tadviruddhas tadabhāvaś ca / trirūpāṇi ca trīṇy eva liṅgāṇi / anupalabdhiḥ svabhāvaḥ kāryaṃ ceti / tatra pratiṣedhyasyopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdhir abhāvavyavahārasādhanī / upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptir upalambhapratyayāntarasākalyam / (ts 289) svabhāvaviśeṣaś ca / yaḥ svabhāvaḥ satsv anyeṣūpalambhapratyayeṣu san pratyakṣa eva bhavati / upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāpto 'rthaḥ / dṛśya ity arthaḥ / avidyamāno 'py asāv atra yadi bhaved dṛśya eva bhaved iti saṃbhavanaviṣaya upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāpta ity ucyate / tasyānupalabdhir abhāvavyavahāraṃ sādhayati / deśakālasvabhāvaviprakṛṣṭapratyayāntaravikalavyavacchedārthaṃ viśeṣaṇopādānam / na cātra pratiṣedhamātram anupalabdhiḥ tasya svayam asiddheḥ siddheś cānaṅgatvāt / kiṃ tu vastvantarasyopalabdhir eva / vastuno 'pi na yasya kasyacit / api tu pratiṣedhyābhāvākṣepakasyaiva / na tv ekajñānasaṃsargina eva / yadi hy ekajñānasaṃsargivastvantaropalambho 'nupalabdher lakṣaṇaṃ syāt tadā iha devadattopalambhād bahirabhāvas tasyaiva kathaṃ sidhyati / na hi tatraikajñānasaṃsargivastvantaropalambho 'sti //

8. iyaṃ cānupalabdhiḥ karmakartṛdharmatayā dviprakārā / tatra yadā karmadharmo 'nupalabdhis tadā ghaṭaviviktabhūtalam / yadā tu kartṛdharmas tadā tadāśritaṃ jñānam / tatra yat tad ghaṭavaikalyaṃ tad bhūtalasya svarūpam eveti tadgrāhinā jñānena gṛhītam eveti / tasmād iyam anupalabdhir mūḍham praty abhāvavyavahāram eva sādhayati / amūḍhasya pratyakṣa eva siddhatvāt / kāraṇānupalabdhyādayas tu parokṣe viṣaye pravartamānā abhāvaṃ sādhayanty eva / vartamānakālā ceyaṃ gamikā atītakālā cāsati smṛtimanaskārabhraṃśe / tato nāstīha ghaṭo 'nupalabhyamānatvāt / nāsīd iha ghaṭo 'nupalabdhād iti (ts 290) śakyaṃ avasātum / na tu na bhaviṣyaty atra ghaṭo 'nupalapsyamānatvād iti / anāgatāyāḥ saṃdigdharupatvāt //

9. iyaṃ ca prayogabhedād anekaprakārā / tatra 1) svabhāvānupalabdhiḥ / yathā nāstīha dhūma upaiabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasyānupalabdheḥ / pratiṣedhyo hi dhūmas tasya yaḥ svabhāvas tasyānupalabdhiḥ / 2) kāraṇānupalabdhiḥ / yathā nātra dhūmo vahnyabhāvāt / pratiṣedhyasya hi dhūmasya kāraṇaṃ vahnis tasyehānupalabdhiḥ / 3) vyāpakānupalabdhir yāthā nātra śiṃśapā vṛkṣābhāvāt / pratiṣedhyā hi śiṃśapā tasyāś ca vyāpako vṛkṣas tasyānupalabdhiḥ / 4) kāryānupalabdhir yathā nehāpratibaddhasāmarthyāni dhūmakāraṇāni santi dhūmābhāvad iti / pratiṣedhyānāṃ dhūmakāraṇānāṃ kāryaṃ dhūmas tasya cehānupalabdhiḥ / 5) svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhiḥ / yathā nātra śītasparśo vahner iti / pratiṣedhyasya śītasparśasya yaḥ svabhāvas tasya viruddho vahnis tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 6) kāraṇaviruddhopalabdhir yathā nāsya romaharṣādiviśeṣāḥ santi saṃnihitadahanaviśeṣatvād iti / pratiṣedhyānāṃ romaharṣādiviṣesāṇāṃ kāraṇaṃ śītaṃ tasya viruddho dahanaviśeṣas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 7) vyāpakaviruddhopalabdhir yathā nātra tuṣārasparśo dahanād iti / niṣedhyasya tuṣārasparśasya vyāpakaṃ śītaṃ tasya viruddho dahanas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 8) kāryaviruddhopalabdhir yathā nehāpratibaddhasāmarthyāni śītakāraṇāni santi vahner iti / pratiṣedhyānaṃ (ts 291) śītakāraṇānāṃ kāryaṃ śītaṃ tasya viruddho vahnis tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 9) svabhāvaviruddhavyāptopalabdhir yathā nātra vahnis tuṣārasparśād iti / pratiṣedhyasya vahner yaḥ svabhāvas tasya viruddhaṃ śītaṃ tena vyāptas tuṣārasparśas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 10) kāraṇaviruddhavyāptopalabdhir yathā nātra dhūmas tuṣārasparśād iti / pratiṣedhyasya hi dhūmasya yat kāraṇam agnis tasya viruddhaṃ śītaṃ tena vyāptas tuṣārasparśas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 11) vyāpakaviruddhavyāptopalabdhir yathā nāyaṃ nityaḥ kadācitkāryakāritvād iti / pratiṣedhyasya nityatvasya niratiśayatvaṃ vyāpakaṃ tasya viruddhaṃ sātiśayatvaṃ tena vyāptaṃ kadācitkāryakāritvaṃ tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 12) kāryaviruddhavyāptopalabdhir yathā nehāpratibaddhasāmarthyāni vahnikāraṇāni santi tuṣārasparśād iti / pratiṣedhyānāṃ hi vahnikāraṇānāṃ kāryaṃ vahnis tasya viruddhaṃ śītaṃ tena vyāptas tuṣārasparśas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 13) svabhāvaviruddhakāryopalabdhir yathā / nātra śītasparśo dhūmād iti / pratiṣedhyasya hi śītasparśasya viruddho 'gnis tasya kāryaṃ dhūmas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 14) kāraṇaviruddhakāryopalabdhir yathā na romaharṣādiviśeṣayuktapuruṣavān ayaṃ pradeśo dhūmād iti / pratiṣedhyānāṃ romaharṣādiviśeṣānāṃ kāraṇaṃ śītaṃ tasya viruddho 'gnis tasya kāryaṃ dhūmas tasya cehopabdhiḥ /  15) vyāpakaviruddhakāryopalabdhir yathā / nātra tuṣārasparśo dhumād iti / pratiṣedhyasya tuṣārasparśasya vyāpakaṃ śītaṃ tasya viruddho 'gnis tasya kāryaṃ dhūmas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ / 16) kāryaviruddhakāryopalabdhir yathā nehāpratibaddhasāmarthyāni śītakāraṇāni santi dhūmād iti / pratiṣedhyānāṃ śītakāraṇānāṃ kāryaṃ śītaṃ tasya viruddho 'gnis tasya kāryaṃ dhūmas tasya cehopalabdhiḥ //

10. ime sarve kāraṇānupalabdhyādayaḥ pañcadaśānupalabdhiprayogāḥ svabhāvānupalabdhau saṃgraham upayānti pāraṃparyeṇārthāntaravidhipratiṣedhābhyāṃ prayogahhede 'pi svabhāvānupalabdhau saṃgrahaṃ tādātmyena gacchanti / etad uktaṃ bhavati / anupalabdhirūpatā tāvat sarvāsām aviśiṣṭā / tathā svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyādāv apy anupalabdhirūpatā vidyata eva / sahābhāvākṣepikā yasyopalabdhiḥ sā tasyānupalabdhir ity anupalabdhilakṣaṇayogāt / tathā hi yeyaṃ vahner upalabdhiḥ sā śītābhāvam ākṣipati /

11. bhavatv anupalabdhiḥ sā dṛśyatā tu katham / ucyate / dṛśyatve 'py anupalabdhir iti kṛtvā / tathā hi yadi śītasparśo dṛśyo bhavet tadā tasyopalabdhiṃ niṣedhyābhāvavyāpto vahnir viruṇaddhy eva / evam abhāvasādhanī sarvaivānupalabdhir vyāptisāmarthyād (ts 293) dṛśyasyopalabdhiṃ viruṇaddhīti sāmarthyāt svabhāvānupalabdhir bhavati / na sākṣāt / yasyāṃ tv anupalabdhau tadaiva tam eva pratipattāraṃ prati dṛśyatvaṃ pratiṣedhyasya siddhaṃ dṛśyānupalabdhir eva tasyāḥ svalakṣaṇam iti sākṣāt svabhāvānupalabdhiḥ / yat punar anyair ucyate / yady api saṃpratitanī dṛśyānupalabdhir nāsti virodhādikāle tv āsīd saiva bhāvapratipattinibandhanam iti / tena dṛṣyānupalabdhipūrvatvāt svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyādīnāṃ dṛśyānupalabdhāv antarbhāvaḥ / saṃpratitanyaś ca dṛśyānupalabdher abhāvāt tatsvabhāvānupalabdher anyāsām anupalabdhīnāṃ bheda iti /

12. yad api kaiścit svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhyādīnām anumitānumānatayā dṛśyānupalabdhirūpatocyate / dūrād vahne rūpaviśeṣaṃ dṛṣṭvā uṣṇasparśaviśeṣas taddeśavyāpako 'numīyate tasmāc ca śītasparśābhāvapratītiḥ / āhatya tu dṛśyānupalabdher anudayād dṛśyānupalabdher bhedena nirdeśaḥ / ata eva cānumitānumānam etat kevalam atyantābhyāsāj jhaṭiti tathābhūtapratītyudaye saty ekam anumānam ucyate / vastutas tv anekam anumānam etat evam anyatrāpi vyāpakaviruddhopalambhādāv ūhyam iti dvayam apy etan na manasi toṣam ādadhāti //

13. svabhāvaḥ svasattāmātrabhāvini sādhyadharme hetuḥ / yo hetor ātmanaḥ sattām apekṣya vidyamāno na hetusattāvyatiriktaṃ kiṃcid dhetum apekṣate / tasmin sādhye yo hetuḥsa svabhāvaḥ / anena ca viśeṣaṇe nāntyāt kāraṇāt kāryaṃ yad utpadyate tasya saṃgrahaḥ (ts 294) kṛtaḥ / tad api hi tasya svabhāva eva / tatsattāmātrabhāvitvāt / anyārtham api kṛtam anyārthaṃ bhavatīti nyāyāt paravipratipattir api nirākṛtā / pare hi paścātkālabhāvinam api kṛtakatvādidharmaṃ svabhāvam icchantīti / yathā vṛkṣo 'yaṃ śiṃśapātvād iti / kāryaṃ yāvadbhiḥ svabhāvair avinābhāvi kāraṇe hetur iti prakṛtam / kāraṇe sādhye yāvadbhiḥ svabhāvair avinābhāvi tair eva hetuḥ / yathā 'gnir atra dhūmāt //

14. etāni ca trīṇi liṅgāni sādhyabhedāt / sādhyāpekṣayā hi liṅgavyavasthā / sādhyaś ca vidhiḥ pratiṣedho vā anyonyalakṣaṇavyavacchedalakṣaṇatvād anayoḥ / vidhir apy anarthāntarārthāntarabhedād dvividhaḥ / tatrānarthāntare gamye svabhāvahetuḥ / arthāntare tu gamye kāryam iti dvāv etau vidhisādhanau / svabhāvapratibandhe hi saty artho 'rthaṃ gamayet / svabhāvena pratibandhaḥ pratibaddhasvabhāvatvam / yasmāt svabhāvapratibandhe sati sādhanārthaḥ sādhyārthaṃ gamayet / tasmād anayor eva vidhisādhanatā / nanu svabhāvapratibandham antareṇāpi candrodayāt kumudavikāsapratipattiḥ samudravṛddhiś ca / ātapasadbhāvāt parabhāge chāyāpratipattiḥ / kṛttikādyudayānantaraś ca rohiṇyādīnām udayaḥ pratīyate / tat katham ucyate svabhāvapratibandhe saty artho 'rthaṃ gamayed iti / tadapratibaddhasya tadavyabhicāraniyamābhāvāt / tad iti (ts 295) svabhāva uktaḥ / tenāpratibaddhas tadapratibaddhaḥ / yo yatra svabhāvena na pratibaddhaḥsa tarn apratibaddhaviṣayam avaśyam eva na na vyabhicaratīti nāsti tayor avyabhicāraniyamaḥ / yātu candrodayādeḥ samudravṛddhyādipratītiḥ sānumānād eva / tathā hi hetudharmasyaiva tādṛśo 'trānumitir yatrāmbhojabodhādaya ekakālā jātāḥ / evaṃ sati kāryād iyaṃ kāraṇasiddhiḥ / vāyuviśeṣa eva ca yaḥ kṛttikādyudayakāraṇaṃsa eva hi saṃtatyā rohiṇyādyudayakāraṇaṃ / hetudharmapratītes tatpratītir iti / evam atrāpi / yatrāvyabhicāras tatra pratibandho 'bhyūhyaḥ / sa ca pratibandhaḥ sādhye 'rthe liṅgasya / vastutas tadātmyāt tadutpatteś ca / atatsvabhāvasyātadutpatteś ca tatrāpratibaddhasvabhāvatvāt / te ca tādātmyatadutpattī svabhāvakāryayor eveti / tābhyām eva vastusiddhiḥ / pratiṣedhasiddhis tu yathoktāyā evānupalabdheḥ / nanv anupalabdhau kaḥ pratibandhaḥ / pratibaddhaś ca hetur gamakaḥ / idānim eva hi kathitam / svabhāvapratibandhe hi saty artho 'rthaṃ gamayed iti / tatra svabhāvānupalabdhau tādātmyaṃ pratibandhaḥ / tathā hi tatrābhāvavyavahārayogyatā sādhyate / yogyatā ca yogyasvabhāvabhūtaiveti / kāraṇānupalabdhyādau maulapratibandhanibandhano gamyagamakabhāvaḥ / viruddhopalabdhyādau tu tattadviviktapradeśādikāryatvāt tādṛśasya (ts 296) dahanādes tadutpattinibandhana eva iti // //

// tarkasopāne svārthānumānaparicchedo dvitiyaḥ // //

1. trirūpaliṅgākhyānaṃ parārtham anumānam / pūrvam uktaṃ yat trirūpaṃ liṅgaṃ tasya yat prakāśakaṃ vacanaṃ tat parārtham anumānaṃ kāraṇe kāryopacārāt / anumānakāraṇe trirūpaiiṅge kāryasyānumānasyopacārāt samāropāt / yathā naḍvalodakaṃ pādaroga iti / tad dvividhaṃ prayogabhedāt / sādharmyavat / vaidharmyavac ca //

2. samāno dharmo yasya sa sadharmā / tasya bhāvaḥ sādharmyaṃ / dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇā saha sādhyadharmiṇo hetukṛtaṃ sādṛśyam / visadṛśo dharmo yasya sa vidharmā tasya bhāvo vaidharmyam / dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇā saha sādhyadharmiṇo hetukṛtaṃ vaisādṛśyam / yasya sādhanavākyasya sādharmyam abhidheyaṃ tatsādharmyavat / yasya ca vaidharmyam abhidheyaṃ tad vaidharmyavat / nanu ca sādharmyavati sādhanavākye vyatireko nāsti / vaidharmyavati cānvayas tat kathaṃ trirūpaliṅgākhyānaṃ parārtham anumānaṃ syāt / naiṣa doṣaḥ / sādharmyeṇāpi hi prayoge 'rthād vaidharmyagatiḥ / asati tasmin sādhyena hetor anvayāyogāt / sādharmyābhidheyena yukte prayoge samarthyād vyatirekasya pratītis tasmāt trirūpaliṅgākhyānam / tasmin vyatireke buddhyāvasīyamāne 'sati sādhyena hetor anvayasya buddhyāvasitasyābhāvāt //

3. tathā vaidharmyeṇāpy anvayagatiḥ / asati tasmin sādhyābhave hetvabhāvasyāsiddheḥ / tatheti yathānvayavākye tathārthād eva vaidharmyeṇa prayoge 'nvayasyānabhidhīyamānasyāpi gatiḥ / asati tasminn anvaye buddhigṛhīte sādhyābhāve hetvabhāvasyāsiddher anavasāyāt / tasmād ekenāpi vākyenānvayamukhena vyatirekamukhena vā prayuktena sapakṣāsapakṣayor liṅgasya sadasattvakhyāpanaṃ kṛtaṃ bḥavatīti nāvaśyaṃ vākyadvayaprayogaḥ //

4. tatrānupalabdheḥ sādharmyavān prayogaḥ yad yatropalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaṃ san nopalabhyate sa tatrāsadvyavahāraviṣayaḥ / yathā śaśaśirasi śṛṅgaṃ / nopalabhyate ca kvacitpradeśaviśeṣa upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāpto ghaṭa iti / atra dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇaḥ śaśaśirasaḥ sādhyadharmiṇaś ca pradeśaviśeṣasyopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptapratiṣedhyānupalambhahetukṛtaṃ sādṛśyam abhidheyam //

5. tathā svabhāvahetoḥ prayogaḥ / yat sat tat sarvam anityaṃ yathā ghaṭaḥ saṃś ca śabdaḥ / śuddhasya svabhāvasya prayogaḥ / sattvamātrasyopadhyanapekṣatvāt / yad utpattimat tad anityam / yathā ghaṭaḥ / utpattimac ca sukham ity avyatiriktaviśeṣaṇasya / utpattir hi svarūpalābhaḥ / sā ca bhāvasyātmabhūtaiva kevalaṃ kalpanayā vyatirekiṇīva pradarśyate / yat kṛtakaṃ tad anityaṃ yathā ghaṭaḥ kṛtakaś ca śabda iti vyatiriktaviśeṣaṇasya / apekṣitaparavyāpāro hi svabhāvaniṣpattau bhāvaḥ kṛtaka iti / evaṃ pratyayabhedabheditvādayo draṣṭavyāḥ / atra hi dṛṣṭāntadharmibhiḥ sādhyadharmiṇāṃ hetukṛtaṃ sādṛśyam abhidheyam / sarva ete sādhanadharmā yathāsvaṃ (ts 298) pramāṇaiḥ siddhasādhanadharmamātrānubandha eva sādhyadharme 'vagantavyāḥ / vastutas tasyaiva tatsvabhāvatvāt / tanniṣpattāv aniṣpannasya tatsvabhāvatvāyogāt / viruddhadharmādhyāsasya bhedaiakṣaṇatvāt //

6. kāryahetoḥ sādharmyavān prayogaḥ / yatra yatra dhūmas tatra tatra vahnir yathā mahānase / dhūmas cātra / atra dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇo mahānasasya sādhyadharmiṇaś ca pradeśaviśeṣasya dhūmahetukṛtaṃ sādṛśyam abhidheyam / ihāpi tribhir anupalambhair dvābhyāṃ pratyakṣābhyāṃ siddhe kāryakāraṇabhave kāraṇe sādhye kāryahetur vaktavyaḥ / anupalabdher vaidharmyavān prayogaḥ / yat sad upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaṃtad upalabhyata eva / yathā nīlaviśeṣaḥ / na caivam ihopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptasya ghaṭasyopalabdhir iti / atra hi dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇo nilaviśeṣasya sādhyadharmiṇaś ca pradeśasyopalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptaniṣedhyānupalambhākhyahetukṛtaṃ vaisādṛśyam abhidheyam /

7. svabhāvahetor vaidharmyavantaḥ prayogāḥ asaty anityatve nāsti kvacit sattvaṃ yathā gaganamaline / saṃś ca śabdaḥ / asaty anityatve na kvacid utpattimattvaṃ yathākāśe / utpattimac ca sukham / asaty anityatve na kvacit kṛtakatvaṃ yathā kurmaromni / kṛtakaś ca śabda iti / atra dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇā sādhyadharmiṇo hetukṛtaṃ vaisadṛśyam abhidheyam //

8. kāryahetor vaidharmyavān prayogaḥ / asaty agnau na bhavaty eva dhūmo yathā mahāhrade / dhūmaś cātreti / (ts 299) atra dṛṣṭāntadharmiṇā sādhyadharmiṇo hetukṛtaṃ vaisadṛśyam abhidheyam //

9. trirūpaliṅgākhyānaṃ parārtham anumānam ity arthān na pakṣādivacanam anumānam uktaṃ bhavati / tatra pratijñā tāvan na sākṣāt sādhanam / arthād evārthagateḥ / artha eva hy arthaṃ gamayati pratibandhān / nābhidhānaṃ viparyayāt / pāraṃparyeṇāpi na bhavati / sādhyasyaivābhidhānāt / sādhyasādhanadharmaviśeṣopadarśanārtham anavayavabhūtāpi pratijñā dṛṣṭāntavat prayujyata iti cet / na / evaṃ hy anujñādivākyam api prayoktavyaṃ syāt / na hi tair vinā eva sādhanasya pravṛttir saṃbhavati / viṣayopadarśanam api niṣphalam / tenāpi vinā sādhyapratīteḥ / tathā hi yat kṛtakaṃ tat sarvam anityaṃ kṛtakaś ca śabda ity etāvanmātre prayukte 'nityaḥ śabda iti pratītir bhavaty evāntareṇa pratijñāvacanam / nanv asati pratijñāvacane sapakṣādivyavasthā katham / tathā hi sādhyadharmasāmānyena samāno 'rthaḥ sapakṣaḥ / tadabhāvaprabhāvitaś cāsapakṣa iti / asati hi pratijñānirdeśe pakṣāpekṣānibandhanaṃ trairūpyaṃ nāstīti / asad etat / tathā hi pratijñāvacanam antareṇāpi sarvaṃ saṃpadyata eva / upanayanasya punar arthaḥ pakṣadharmavacanenaiva nirdiṣṭa iti na tatpūrvake tasya kaścid upayogaḥ / vyāptipūrvake vacane pakṣadharmavacanād eva tadarthasiddheḥ kim anenopanayena / nigamanam apy aniṣṭaṃ sādhanavākyāṅgam iti //

10. trirūpaliṅgākhyānaṃ parārtham anumānam ity uktam / trayāṇāṃ rūpāṇām ekasyāpi rūpasyānuktau sādhanābhāsaḥ / uktasyāpy asiddhau saṃdehe ca pratipādyapratipādakayoḥ / trayāṇāṃ rūpāṇāṃ madhya ekasyānuktau / apiśabdād dvayor api / sādhanasyābhāsaḥ sādhanasya sadṛśam ity arthaḥ / uktasyāpiśabdād anuktāv api / asiddhau saṃdehe vā pratipādyasya pratipādakasya hetvābhāsaḥ /

11. tatraikasya rūpasya dharmisaṃbandhasyāsiddhau saṃdehe cāsiddho hetvābhāsaḥ / yathā śabdasyānityatve sādhye cākṣuṣatvam ubhayāsiddham / cetanās tarava iti sādhye sarvatvagapaharaṇe maraṇaṃ prativādyasiddham / vijñānendriyāyurnirodhaiakṣaṇasya maraṇasyānenābhyupagamāt / acetanāḥ sukhādaya iti sādhya utpattimattvam anityatvaṃ vā sāṃkhyasya svayaṃvādino 'siddham / atra cotpattimattvam anityatvaṃ vā paryāyeṇa hetur na yugapat tathā hi parārtho hetūpanyāsaḥ / parasya cāsata utpāda utpattimattvaṃ sataś ca niranvayo vināśo 'nityatvaṃ siddham iti / tathā svayaṃ tadāśrayaṇasya vā saṃdehe 'siddhaḥ / yathā bāspādibhāvena saṃdigdho bhūtasaṃghāto 'gnisiddhau bhūtānāṃ pṛthivyādīnāṃ saṃghātaḥ samūho 'gnisiddhyartham upādīyamāno 'siddhaḥ / yathā ceha nikūñjemayūraḥ kekāyitād iti tadāpātadeśavibhrame / āpātanam āpātas tasya kekāyitasyāpāta utpādas tasya deśas tasya vibhramo bhrāntiḥ / atha vā āpataty āgacchaty asmād ity āpātaḥ / sa eva deśas tadāpātadeśaḥ / tasya vibhrame / yat punar ucyate 'nyair āpāta āgamanam iti tad ayuktam / (ts 301) na hi śrotrendriyasya prāpyakāritā ghaṭate / nāpīdaṃ bauddhadarśanam / tathā hy uktam abhidharmakośe /

cakṣuḥśrotramano 'prāptaviṣayaṃ trayam anyatheti /

āśrayāsiddhyāpy asiddhaḥ / yathā sarvagata ātmā sarvatropalabhyamānaguṇatvād ākāśavat / sarvatropalabhyamānaguṇāḥ sukhādayo yasya tadbhāvas tattvaṃ / tasmād yady ayam ātmā sarvagato na bhavet / kathaṃ dakṣiṇāpatha upalabdhāḥ sukhādayo madhyadeśa upalabhyante / ākāśavad iti dṛṣṭānte ākāśasya guṇaḥ śabdaḥ / sa ca yathā vikāriṇi puruṣa upalabhyate tathānyatrāpīti / syād eṣa hetur yadi bauddhasya sarvatropalabhyamānaguṇatvam ātmanaḥ siddhaṃ syāt / yāvad ātmaiva na siddhaḥ // tad evam asiddhaḥ ṣaṭprakāraḥ // // //

12. tathaikasya rūpasyāsapakṣe 'sattvasyāsiddhāv anaikāntiko hetvābhāsaḥ / yathā śabdasya nityatvādike dharme sādhye prameyatvādiko dharmaḥ sapakṣavipakṣayoḥ sarvatraikadeśe ca vartamānaḥ / nityatvādika ity ātrādiśabdena prayatnānantarīyakatvāprayatnānantarīyakatvayor grahaṇam / prameyatvādika ity atrādiśabdenānityatvāsparśatvayor grahaṇam / kiṃbhūtaḥ prameyatvādiko dharmo 'naikāntikaḥ / sapakṣavipakṣayoḥ sarvatraikadeśe ca vartamānaḥ / nityaḥ śabdaḥ prameyatvād ity atra nityatve sādhye prameyatvaṃ sapakṣavipakṣayor vartate / ekadeśe ca vartamāna ity atrāpi sapakṣavipakṣayor iti saṃbandhanīyaṃ / caśabdenaitat kathayati / na kevalaṃ sapakṣavipakṣavyāpi (ts 302) prameyatvam anaikāntiko hetvābhāsaḥ / yo 'pi sapakṣavyāpī vipakṣaikadeśavṛttiḥ / tathā vipakṣavyāpī sapakṣaikadeśavṛttīḥ / yo vā sapakṣavipakṣayor ekadeśavṛttiḥ sarvo 'sāv anaikāntiko hetvābhāsa iti / tatra prayatnānantariyakaḥ śabdo 'nityatvād ghaṭavad ity ayaṃ vipakṣaikadeśavṛttiḥ / vidyuti vartamānatvād ākāśādāv avartamānatvāt sapakṣavyāpī tu bhavaty eva / sarvasya prayatnānantarīyakasyānityatvāt / aprayatnānantarīyakaḥ śabdo 'nityatvād vidyud iva / ayaṃ sapakṣaikadeśavṛttiḥ / aprayatnānantarīyako 'sya sapakṣo 'vidyudākāśādiḥ / tatrānityatvaṃ vidyuti vartate nākāśādau / vipakṣavyāpītu bhavaty eva / sarvaprayatnānantarīyake 'nityatvasya gatatvāt / nityaḥ śabdo 'sparśatvāt paraśuvat / asparśatvaṃ hi vipakṣaikadeśe buddhyādau sapakṣaikadeśe cākāśādau vartata ity ubhayapakṣaikadeśavṛttiḥ / evaṃ caturvidhaḥ sādhāraṇānaikāntiko nirdiṣṭaḥ //

13. tathā 'syaiva rūpasya saṃdehe 'py anaikāntika eva / yathā sarvajñaḥ kaścid vivakṣitaḥ puruṣo rāgādimān veti sādhye vaktṛtvādiko dharmaḥ saṃdigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttikaḥ / sarvatraikadeśe vā sarvajño vaktā nopalabhyata iti / evaṃ prakārasyānupalambhasyādṛṣyātmaviṣayatvena saṃdehahetutvāt / asarvajñaviparyayād vaktṛtvāder vyāvṛttiḥ saṃdigdhā //

14. dvayo rūpayor viparyayasiddhau viruddhaḥ / kayor dvayoḥ / sapakṣe sattvasyāsapakṣe cāsattvasya yathā kṛtakatvaṃ prayatnānantarīyakatvaṃ ca nityatve sādhye viruddhahetvābhāsaḥ // dvayor upādānam asapakṣavyāpyasapakṣaikadeśavṛttitvena bhedāt / anayoḥ (ts 303) sapakṣe 'sattvam asapakṣe ca sattvam iti viparyayasiddhiḥ / etau sādhyaviparyayasādhanād viruddhau // dvayo rūpayor ekasyāsiddhāv aparasya ca saṃdehe 'naikāntikaḥ / dvayor ity anvayavyatirekayoḥ / ekasyāsiddhāv iti / asapakṣe 'sattvasya / aparasya saṃdeha iti sapakṣe sattvasya / yathā vītarāgaḥ sarvajño vā vaktṛtvād iti / vyatireko 'trāsiddhaḥ saṃdigdho 'nvayaḥ / sarvajñavītarāgayor viprakarṣād vacanādes tatra sattvam asattvaṃ vā saṃdigdham / anayor eva dvayo rūpayoḥ saṃdehe 'naikāntikaḥ / yathā sātmakaṃ jīvaccharīraṃ prāṇādimattvād iti / na hi sātmakānatmakābhyām anyo rāśir asti yatra praṇādir vartate / nāpy anayor ekatra vṛttiniścayaḥ / ata evānvayavyatirekayoḥ saṃdehād anaikāntikaḥ / sādhyetarayor ato niścayābhavāt /

15. evam eteṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ rūpāṇāṃ ekaikasya dvayor dvayor vā rūpayor asiddhau saṃdehe ca yathāyogam asiddhaviruddhānaikāntikās trayo hetvābhāsāḥ / evam anantaroktena krameṇa trayo hetvābhasaḥ / asiddhaviruddhānaikāntikāḥ / trāyāṇāṃ rūpāṇāṃ pakṣadharmānvayavyatirekākhyānāṃ madhye / ekaikasya rūpasyāsiddhau saṃdehe ca / tathā dvayor dvayor vā rūpayor asiddhau saṃdehe ca yathāyogam iti yathāsaṃbhavam / tatra dharmisaṃbandhasyaikasya rūpasyāsiddhāv asiddhaḥ / tathā sapakṣe sattvasyāsiddhau saṃdehe cānaikāntika uktaḥ / evam ekaikasya rūpasyāsiddhau saṃdehe cāsiddho 'naikāntikaś ca hetvābhāsa (ts 304) uktaḥ / tathā dvayor dvayo rūpayor viparyayasiddhau viruddho hetvābhāsa uktaḥ / asapakṣe sattvasya ca saṃdehe vā 'naikāntika uktaḥ / tathā sapakṣāsapakṣayor api hetoḥ sadasattvasaṃdehe 'naikāntika eva / evaṃ dvayor dvayor asiddhau saṃdehe ca viruddho 'naikāntikaś ca hetvābhāsa iti /

16. nanu katham uktaṃ trayo hetvābhāsā iti / yāvatā vaiphalyam api hetoḥ pṛthagdūṣaṇam asti / tad uktam /

sādhanaṃ yad vivādena nyastaṃ tac cen na sādhyate /
kiṃ sādhyam anyathāniṣṭaṃ bhaved vaiphalyam eva vā // iti

atra kecid āhuḥ satyam asty eva vaiphalyaṃ hetoḥ pṛthagdūṣaṇaṃ / yat punar asiddhaviruddhānaikāntikakathanaṃ viniścayādau tad asāmarthyaprabhedena / dvividhaṃ hi sādhanasya dūṣaṇaṃ bhavati / asāmarthyaṃ vaiyarthyaṃ ca / asāmarthyaṃ tv asiddhaviruddhānaikantikabhedāt trividham / vaiyarthyaṃ tv ekam eveti / syād etad yadi vaiyarthyaṃ nāma hetor dūṣaṇaṃ syāt kiṃ tu pramāṇasya / tad uktam udyotakareṇāpi / adhigatam api gamayatā pramāṇena piṣṭaṃ piṣṭaṃ syād iti / nyāyaparameśvarair api kīrttipādair uktam /

niṣpāditakriye kaścid viśeṣam asamādadhat / karmaṇy aindriyam anyad vā sādhanaṃ kim itīṣyata iti

tataś ca katham idaṃ vaiyarthyaṃ hetor dūṣaṇam / (ts 305) athaivam ucyate pramāṇājanakatvād dhetur api vyartha ucyata iti / evaṃ hi vāstavam idaṃ hetor na dūṣaṇaṃ syāt / vāstavaṃ dūṣaṇaṃ vaktavyaṃ / kiṃ ca / yadi vaiyarthyaṃ hetor dūṣanaṃ bhinnaṃ syāt / yathāsiddhatāpratipakṣeṇa heto rūpaṃ pakṣadharmatā / viruddhatāpratipakṣeṇānvayaḥ / anaikāntikatāpratipakṣena ca vyatirekaś coktaḥ / tathā vaiyarthyapratipakṣeṇāpy anyad rūpam uktaṃ syāt / na cānyad rūpaṃ hetor ghaṭate / yadi tarhīdaṃ vaiyarthyaṃ na pṛthagdūṣaṇaṃ kathaṃ tarhy anena vādī nigṛhyate //

17. atra kecid āhuḥ / asiddha eva vaiyarthyaṃ antarbhavatīti / tathā hi jijñāsitaviśeṣo dharmī pakṣaḥ / taddharmaś ca hetuḥ / tato 'pakṣadharmatvād vaiyarthyam asiddha evāntaryāti / anye tu sudhiya evam āhuḥ / nedaṃ hetor dūṣaṇaṃ kiṃ tu parārthānumāne vaktur api guṇadoṣāś cintyante iti viphalābhidhāyī apratibhayaiva nigṛhyata iti / tathā hi prakṛtam eva sādhyaṃ nāprakṛtam iti sādhyatāyāḥ prakṛter niyāmaka eṣa panthā / evaṃ kṛtvā parisaṃkhyānaṃ na virudhyate / doṣāḥ punar nyūnatvam asiddhir vādinā sādhayitum iṣṭasyārthasya viparyayasādhanam aṣṭādaśa dṛṣṭāntadoṣāś ceti / atra ca yac codyaṃ parihāraśca tad granthavistarabhayān na likhitam iti / sthitam etad (ts 306) yadi vaiyarthyaṃ hetor dūṣaṇaṃ tadāsiddha evāntarbhavati / no ced apratibhayaiveti //

18. triiakṣaṇo hetur uktas tāvatārthapratītir iti na pṛthag dṛṣṭānto nāma sādhanāvayavaḥ kaścit / tena nāsya lakṣaṇaṃ pṛthag ucyate gatārthatvāt / hetoḥ sapakṣa eva sattvam asapakṣāc ca sarvato vyāvṛttī rūpam uktam abhedena i punar aviśeṣeṇa kāryasvabhāvayor janmatanmātrānubandhau darśanīyāv uktau / rūpaśabdaḥ pratyekam abhisaṃbadhyate / hetoḥ sapakṣa eva sattvam iti sādhyenānugatam idam ekaṃ rūpam asapakṣāc ca sarvato vyāvṛttir iti sādhyanivṛttyā nivṛttir asya dvitīyaṃ rūpam uktam / abhedeneti svabhāvādihetum akṛtvā / janmatanmātre saty anubaddhau / sādhānaṃ kṛteti samāsaḥ / tac ca darśayatā dhūmas tatrāgnir iti asaty agnau na kvacid dhumo yathā mahānasetarayoḥ / yatra kṛtakatvaṃ tatrānityatvam anityatvābhāve kṛtakatvāsaṃbhavo yathā ghaṭākāśayor iti darśanīyam / na hy anyathā sapakṣavipakṣayoḥ sadasattve yathoktaprakāre śakye darśayituṃ / tatkāryatāniyamaḥ kāryaliṅgasya ca svabhāvavyāptiḥ / tasyāgnyādeḥ kāryaṃ tatkāryaṃ tasya bhāvas tatkāryatā / na hy anyathā śakyo darśayitum iti liṅgavacanavipariṇāmena sambandhanīyam //

19. asmiṃś cārthe darśite darśita eva dṛṣṭānto bhavati / etāvanmātratvāt tasyeti / etenaiva dṛṣṭāntadoṣā api nirastā bhavanti / etenaiveti hetulakṣaṇābhidhānenaiva dṛṣṭāntasyāpi sāmarthyād gatārthatvena dṛṣṭāntadoṣā (ts 307) api sādhanatvena pratyākhyātā bhavanti / yena hetoḥ sāmānyaviśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ yathoktaṃ pradarśyate sa saṃyagdṛṣṭāntaḥ / yena punas tasya lakṣaṇadvayaṃ na pradarśyate so dṛṣṭāntābhāsa ity uktaṃ bhavati / yathā nityaḥ śabdaḥ / amūrtatvāt / karmavad iti sādhyadharmavikalo dṛṣṭāntābhāsaḥ / atra hi karmaṇi nityatvaṃ sādhyadharmo nāsti / anityatvāt karmanaḥ / amūrtatvaṃ hi sādhanadharmo 'sti / amūrtatvād asya / nityaḥ śabdaḥ / amūrtatvāt paramāṇuvad iti / sādhanadharmavikalaḥ / sādhyadharmo 'tra nityatvam asti nityatvāt paramāṇoḥ / nityaḥ śabdo 'mūrtatvād ghaṭavad iti / ubhayadharmavikalo 'nityatvān mūrtatvād ghaṭasya / rāgādimān ayaṃ puruṣo vacanāt / rathyāpuruṣavat / saṃdigdhasādhyadharmo 'yaṃ dṛṣṭāntābhāsaḥ / rathyāpuruṣe vacanaṃ pratyakṣeṇaiva niścitam iti sādhanadharmas tatra siddhaḥ / sādhyadharmas tu rāgādimatvaṃ saṃdigdham / maraṇadharmā 'yaṃ puruṣaḥ / rāgādimatvād rathyāpuruṣavat / rathyāpuruṣe maraṇadharmatvaṃ sādhyadharma utpattimattvādinā liṅgena niścitaṃ rāgādimattvaṃ tv aniścitam iti saṃdigdhasādhanadharmā / asarvajño 'yaṃ puruṣo rāgādīmattvād rathyāpuruṣavat / saṃdigdhobhayadharmā / sādhyadharmasādhanadharmavyāvṛtter rathyāpuruṣe niścetum aśakyatvād anvayo / yatra sādhyena hetor vyāptir nāsti so 'nanvayaḥ / yo vaktā sa rāgādimān iṣṭapuruṣavat / atrānvayo nāsti / na hi rāgādīnāṃ vacanasya tādātmyalakṣaṇas tadutpattilakṣano vā pratibandho 'sti yenātrānvayaḥ (ts 308) syāt / apratidarśitānvayaḥ / yathānityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvād ghaṭavad / atra yady api kṛtakatvasyānityatvenānvayo 'sti / na tu vacanenākhyāta ity avidyamāna ivāsau / vyāpyavyāpakabhāvasya vacanenāpradarśitatvād iti / viparītānvayaḥ / yathā yad anityaṃ tat kṛtakam / atra hi yat kṛtakaṃ tad anityam ity anvaye vaktavye yad anityaṃ tat kṛtakam iti viparītam anvayaṃ karoti sarva ete dṛṣṭāntadoṣāḥ sādharmyeṇa //

20. tathā vaidharmyeṇāpi / yathā nityaḥ śabdaḥ / amūrtatvāt / paramāṇuvad iti sādhyāvyatirekī / nityatvāt paramāṇoḥ sādhyaṃ na vyāvṛttam / atraiva karmavad iti dṛṣṭānte sādhanāvyatirekī / amūrtatvāt karmaṇaḥ / sādhanam atrāvyāvṛttam / ākāśavad iti kṛta ubhayāvyatirekī / ato hy ubhayaṃ na vyāvṛttaṃ / nityatvād amūrtatvād ākāśasya / tathā saṃdigdhasādhyavyatirekaḥ / yathā 'sarvajñāḥ kapilādayaḥ / avidyamānasarvajñatāliṅgabhūtapramāṇātiśayaśāsanatvāt / atra vaidharmyodāharaṇam / yaḥ sarvajñaḥ sa jyotirjñānādikam upadiṣṭavān / yathā vardhamānādiḥ / vardhamānāder asarvajñatāyāḥ sādhyadharmasya saṃdigdho ubhayavyatirekaḥ / saṃdigaha vyatirekaḥ / saṃdigdhasādhanvyatirekaḥ yathā na trayīvidā brāhmaṇena grāhyavacanaḥ kaścid vivakṣitaḥ puruṣo rāgādimattvāt / atra vaidharmyodāharaṇam / ye grāhyavacanā na te rāgādimantas tad yathā gautamādayo dharmaśāstrāṇāṃ praṇetāraḥ / gautamādibhyo ragādimattvasya sādhanadharmasya vyāvṛttiḥ saṃdigdhā / saṃdigdhobhayavyatirekaḥ / yathāvītarāgāḥ kapilādayaḥ / parigrahāgrahayogāt / parigraho jīvitapariṣkārāṇaṃ svīkāraḥ / āgrahas teṣv (ts 309) evābhiṣvaṅgaḥ / atra vaidharmyād udāharaṇam / yo vītarāgo na tasya parigrahāgrahau / yathā ṛṣabhādeḥ / ṛṣabhāder avītarāgatvaparigrahāgrahayoḥ sādhyasādhanadharmayor vyatirekaḥ saṃdigdhaḥ / avyatireko yathāvītarāgo vaktṛtvāt / yatra vītarāgatvaṃ nāsti na sa vaktā yathopalakhaṇḍa iti / yady api upalakhaṇḍād ubhayaṃ vyāvṛttaṃ / tathāpi sarvo vītarāgo na vakteti vyāptyā vyatirekāsiddher avyatirekaḥ / apradarśitavyatirekaḥ / yathānityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvād ākāśavad iti vaidharmyeṇa / yo hy anityaḥ śabdaḥ kṛtakatvād iti prayoge vaidharmyeṇākāśavad iti brūyāt tena vidyamāno 'pi vyatireko na pradarśitaḥ tathā / yadāśeṣapadārthopasaṃhāreṇānityatvābhāve kṛtakatvābhāvo yathākāśavad iti karoti tadā vyatireko darśito bhavati / na punar upamānamātreṇa / viparītavyatirekaḥ / yathā yad akṛtakaṃ tan nityam / atra hi yan nityaṃ tad akṛtakam iti vaktavye / yad akṛtakaṃ tan nityam iti vadati //

21. na hy ebhir dṛṣṭāntābhāsair hetoḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ sapakṣa eva sattvam asapakṣe cāsattvam eva niścayena śakyaṃ darśayituṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ vā / ebhiḥ sādhyavikalair dṛṣṭāntābhāsair hetoḥ sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ niścayena na śakyaṃ darśayituṃ viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ veti saṃbandhanīyaṃ tadarthāpattyaiṣāṃ nirāso veditavyaḥ / yasmād ebhir dṛṣṭāntābhāsair dvividham api lakṣaṇaṃ na śakyaṃ darśayitum / tasmād arthāpattyaiṣāṃ nirāso draṣṭavyaḥ //

22. dūṣaṇā nyūnatādyuktiḥ / dūṣyate 'nayeti dūṣaṇā / (ts 310) ṇyāsaśrantho yuc / ādiśabdenāsiddhaviruddhānaikāntikāḥ / dṛṣṭāntadoṣāś ca gṛhyante ye pūrvaṃ nyūnatādayaḥ sādhanadoṣā uktās teṣām udbhāvanaṃ tena pareṣṭārthasiddhipratibandhāt / anena ca yad ahrīkeṇoktaṃ viparyayasādhanam eva dūṣaṇaṃ nānyad iti tad api parāstaṃ draṣṭavyaṃ / na hi viparyayasādhanād eva dūṣaṇaṃ / viruddhavat / api tu parasyābhipretaniścayapratibandhāt / niścayābhāvo vā bhavati niścayaviparyaya ity asty eva viparyayasiddhiḥ / dūṣaṇābhāsās tu jātayaḥ / abhūtadoṣodbhāvanāni jātyuttarāṇi / jātyā sadṛśyenottarāṇi / uttarasthānaprayuktatvād //

iti tarkasopāne parārthānumānaparicchedas tṛtīyaḥ /

yat tarkasopānam idaṃ vidhāya puṇyaṃ mayāptaṃ śaradinduśubhram /
tenottamāṃ bodhim ahaṃ labheya lokaś ca niryātu bhavād aśeṣaḥ //

kṛtir iyaṃ paṇḍitavidyākaraśāntipādānām // //
-- Vidyākaraśānti: Tarkasopāna (Academic edition — see source file header)